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Malcolm Before X

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Title: Malcolm Before X
Description: A Kirkus Reviews Best Nonfiction Book of 2024 A Spectator Best Book of the Year Finalist for the 2025 ASALH Book Prize Drawing upon interviews, correspondence, and nearly 2000 pages of never-before-used prison records, Malcolm Before X is the definitive examination of the prison years of civil rights icon Malcolm X. In February 1946, when 20-year-old Malcolm Little was sentenced to eight to ten years in a maximum-security prison, he was a petty criminal and street hustler in Boston. By the time he was paroled in August 1952, he had transformed into a voracious reader, joined the Black Muslims, and was poised to become Malcolm X, one of the most prominent and important intellectuals of the civil rights era. While scholars and commentators have exhaustively detailed, analyzed, and debated Malcolm X's post-prison life, they have not explored these six and a half transformative years in any depth. Paying particular attention to his time in prison, Patrick Parr's Malcolm Before X provides a comprehensive and groundbreaking examination of the first twenty-seven years of Malcolm X's life (1925–1965). Parr traces Malcolm's African lineage, explores his complicated childhood in the Midwest, and follows him as he moves east to live with his sister Ella in Boston's Roxbury neighborhood, where he is convicted of burglary and sentenced. Parr utilizes a trove of previously overlooked documents that include prison files and prison newspapers to immerse the reader into the unique cultures—at times brutal and at times instructional—of Charlestown State Prison, the Concord Reformatory, and the Norfolk Prison Colony. It was at these institutions that Malcolm devoured books, composed poetry, boxed, debated, and joined the Nation of Islam, changing the course of his life and setting the stage for a decade of antiracist activism that would fundamentally reshape American culture. In this meticulously researched and beautifully written biography, the inspiring story of how Malcolm Little became Malcolm X is finally told.
Authors: Patrick Parr
Resource Type: eBook.
Subjects: African American prisoners--Rehabilitation, African American political activists--Biography, Black Muslims--Biography, African American criminals--Biography, Prisoners--United States--Biography
Categories: BIOGRAPHY & AUTOBIOGRAPHY / General, HISTORY / United States / 20th Century, SOCIAL SCIENCE / Penology, BIOGRAPHY & AUTOBIOGRAPHY / Social Activists, HISTORY / African American & Black, BIOGRAPHY & AUTOBIOGRAPHY / African American & Black, SOCIAL SCIENCE / Activism & Social Justice
Database: eBook Collection (EBSCOhost)
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  Data: A Kirkus Reviews Best Nonfiction Book of 2024 A Spectator Best Book of the Year Finalist for the 2025 ASALH Book Prize Drawing upon interviews, correspondence, and nearly 2000 pages of never-before-used prison records, Malcolm Before X is the definitive examination of the prison years of civil rights icon Malcolm X. In February 1946, when 20-year-old Malcolm Little was sentenced to eight to ten years in a maximum-security prison, he was a petty criminal and street hustler in Boston. By the time he was paroled in August 1952, he had transformed into a voracious reader, joined the Black Muslims, and was poised to become Malcolm X, one of the most prominent and important intellectuals of the civil rights era. While scholars and commentators have exhaustively detailed, analyzed, and debated Malcolm X's post-prison life, they have not explored these six and a half transformative years in any depth. Paying particular attention to his time in prison, Patrick Parr's Malcolm Before X provides a comprehensive and groundbreaking examination of the first twenty-seven years of Malcolm X's life (1925–1965). Parr traces Malcolm's African lineage, explores his complicated childhood in the Midwest, and follows him as he moves east to live with his sister Ella in Boston's Roxbury neighborhood, where he is convicted of burglary and sentenced. Parr utilizes a trove of previously overlooked documents that include prison files and prison newspapers to immerse the reader into the unique cultures—at times brutal and at times instructional—of Charlestown State Prison, the Concord Reformatory, and the Norfolk Prison Colony. It was at these institutions that Malcolm devoured books, composed poetry, boxed, debated, and joined the Nation of Islam, changing the course of his life and setting the stage for a decade of antiracist activism that would fundamentally reshape American culture. In this meticulously researched and beautifully written biography, the inspiring story of how Malcolm Little became Malcolm X is finally told.
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Classifications:
      – Code: 320.546092
        Scheme: ddc
        Type: prePub
      – Code: B
        Scheme: ddc
        Type: prePub
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: African American prisoners--Rehabilitation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: African American political activists--Biography
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Black Muslims--Biography
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: African American criminals--Biography
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Prisoners--United States--Biography
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Malcolm Before X
        Type: main
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Patrick Parr
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            NameFull: Patrick Parr
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 01
              Type: published
              Y: 2024
            – D: 27
              M: 12
              Type: profile
              Y: 2024
          Identifiers:
            – Type: isbn-print
              Value: 9781625348166
            – Type: isbn-print
              Value: 9781625348173
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              Value: 9781685750886
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Malcolm Before X
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