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Neural correlates of trauma-unrelated emotional processing in war veterans with PTSD.

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Title: Neural correlates of trauma-unrelated emotional processing in war veterans with PTSD.
Authors: van Rooij, S. J. H., Rademaker, A. R., Kennis, M., Vink, M., Kahn, R. S., Geuze, E.
Source: Psychological Medicine. Feb2015, Vol. 45 Issue 3, p575-587. 13p.
Subjects: Post-traumatic stress disorder, Analysis of variance, Brain, Magnetic resonance imaging, Regression analysis, Research funding, Statistics, Thought & thinking, Psychology of veterans, Wounds & injuries, Data analysis, Descriptive statistics
Geographic Terms: Netherlands
Abstract: BackgroundPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is thought to be characterized by general heightened amygdala activation. However, this hypothesis is mainly based on specific studies presenting fear or trauma-related stimuli, hence, a thorough investigation of trauma-unrelated emotional processing in PTSD is needed.MethodsIn this study, 31 male medication-naive veterans with PTSD, 28 male control veterans (combat controls; CC) and 25 non-military men (healthy controls; HC) were included. Participants underwent functional MRI while trauma-unrelated neutral, negative and positive emotional pictures were presented. In addition to the group analyses, PTSD patients with and without major depressive disorder (MDD) were compared.ResultsAll groups showed an increased amygdala response to negative and positive contrasts, but amygdala activation did not differ between groups. However, a heightened dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) response for negative contrasts was observed in PTSD patients compared to HC. The medial superior frontal gyrus was deactivated in the negative contrast in HC, but not in veterans. PTSD+MDD patients showed decreased subgenual ACC (sgACC) activation to all pictures compared to PTSD–MDD.ConclusionOur findings do not support the hypothesis that increased amygdala activation in PTSD generalizes to trauma-unrelated emotional processing. Instead, the increased dACC response found in PTSD patients implicates an attentional bias that extends to trauma-unrelated negative stimuli. Only HC showed decreased medial superior frontal gyrus activation. Finally, decreased sgACC activation was related to MDD status within the PTSD group. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
Copyright of Psychological Medicine is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Neural correlates of trauma-unrelated emotional processing in war veterans with PTSD.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22van+Rooij%2C+S%2E+J%2E+H%2E%22">van Rooij, S. J. H.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rademaker%2C+A%2E+R%2E%22">Rademaker, A. R.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kennis%2C+M%2E%22">Kennis, M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Vink%2C+M%2E%22">Vink, M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kahn%2C+R%2E+S%2E%22">Kahn, R. S.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Geuze%2C+E%2E%22">Geuze, E.</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Psychological+Medicine%22">Psychological Medicine</searchLink>. Feb2015, Vol. 45 Issue 3, p575-587. 13p.
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  Data: BackgroundPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is thought to be characterized by general heightened amygdala activation. However, this hypothesis is mainly based on specific studies presenting fear or trauma-related stimuli, hence, a thorough investigation of trauma-unrelated emotional processing in PTSD is needed.MethodsIn this study, 31 male medication-naive veterans with PTSD, 28 male control veterans (combat controls; CC) and 25 non-military men (healthy controls; HC) were included. Participants underwent functional MRI while trauma-unrelated neutral, negative and positive emotional pictures were presented. In addition to the group analyses, PTSD patients with and without major depressive disorder (MDD) were compared.ResultsAll groups showed an increased amygdala response to negative and positive contrasts, but amygdala activation did not differ between groups. However, a heightened dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) response for negative contrasts was observed in PTSD patients compared to HC. The medial superior frontal gyrus was deactivated in the negative contrast in HC, but not in veterans. PTSD+MDD patients showed decreased subgenual ACC (sgACC) activation to all pictures compared to PTSD–MDD.ConclusionOur findings do not support the hypothesis that increased amygdala activation in PTSD generalizes to trauma-unrelated emotional processing. Instead, the increased dACC response found in PTSD patients implicates an attentional bias that extends to trauma-unrelated negative stimuli. Only HC showed decreased medial superior frontal gyrus activation. Finally, decreased sgACC activation was related to MDD status within the PTSD group. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Psychological Medicine is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1017/S0033291714001706
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 13
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      – SubjectFull: Post-traumatic stress disorder
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Analysis of variance
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      – SubjectFull: Netherlands
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              Text: Feb2015
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