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Alzheimer's disease.

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Title: Alzheimer's disease.
Authors: Scheltens, Philip, Blennow, Kaj, Breteler, Monique M. B., de Strooper, Bart, Frisoni, Giovanni B., Salloway, Stephen, Van der Flier, Wiesje Maria
Source: Lancet. 7/30/2016, Vol. 388 Issue 10043, p505-517. 13p.
Subjects: Alzheimer's disease research, Disease prevalence, Disease incidence, Dementia, Amyloid, Alzheimer's disease diagnosis, Alzheimer's disease prevention, Brain metabolism, Alzheimer's disease, Behavior, Brain, Cognition, Deoxy sugars, Magnetic resonance imaging, Nerve tissue proteins, Peptides, Radiopharmaceuticals, Positron emission tomography, Systematic reviews, Psychology
Abstract: Although the prevalence of dementia continues to increase worldwide, incidence in the western world might have decreased as a result of better vascular care and improved brain health. Alzheimer's disease, the most prevalent cause of dementia, is still defined by the combined presence of amyloid and tau, but researchers are gradually moving away from the simple assumption of linear causality as proposed in the original amyloid hypothesis. Age-related, protective, and disease-promoting factors probably interact with the core mechanisms of the disease. Amyloid β42, and tau proteins are established core cerebrospinal biomarkers; novel candidate biomarkers include amyloid β oligomers and synaptic markers. MRI and fluorodeoxyglucose PET are established imaging techniques for diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Amyloid PET is gaining traction in the clinical arena, but validity and cost-effectiveness remain to be established. Tau PET might offer new insights and be of great help in differential diagnosis and selection of patients for trials. In the search for understanding the disease mechanism and keys to treatment, research is moving increasingly into the earliest phase of disease. Preclinical Alzheimer's disease is defined as biomarker evidence of Alzheimer's pathological changes in cognitively healthy individuals. Patients with subjective cognitive decline have been identified as a useful population in whom to look for preclinical Alzheimer's disease. Moderately positive results for interventions targeting several lifestyle factors in non-demented elderly patients and moderately positive interim results for lowering amyloid in pre-dementia Alzheimer's disease suggest that, ultimately, there will be a future in which specific anti-Alzheimer's therapy will be combined with lifestyle interventions targeting general brain health to jointly combat the disease. In this Seminar, we discuss the main developments in Alzheimer's research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Lancet is the property of Lancet and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Alzheimer's disease.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Scheltens%2C+Philip%22">Scheltens, Philip</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Blennow%2C+Kaj%22">Blennow, Kaj</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Breteler%2C+Monique+M%2E+B%2E%22">Breteler, Monique M. B.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22de+Strooper%2C+Bart%22">de Strooper, Bart</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Frisoni%2C+Giovanni+B%2E%22">Frisoni, Giovanni B.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Salloway%2C+Stephen%22">Salloway, Stephen</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Van+der+Flier%2C+Wiesje+Maria%22">Van der Flier, Wiesje Maria</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Lancet%22">Lancet</searchLink>. 7/30/2016, Vol. 388 Issue 10043, p505-517. 13p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Alzheimer's+disease+research%22">Alzheimer's disease research</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Disease+prevalence%22">Disease prevalence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Disease+incidence%22">Disease incidence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dementia%22">Dementia</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Amyloid%22">Amyloid</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Alzheimer's+disease+diagnosis%22">Alzheimer's disease diagnosis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Alzheimer's+disease+prevention%22">Alzheimer's disease prevention</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Brain+metabolism%22">Brain metabolism</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Alzheimer's+disease%22">Alzheimer's disease</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Behavior%22">Behavior</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Brain%22">Brain</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognition%22">Cognition</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Deoxy+sugars%22">Deoxy sugars</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Magnetic+resonance+imaging%22">Magnetic resonance imaging</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nerve+tissue+proteins%22">Nerve tissue proteins</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Peptides%22">Peptides</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Radiopharmaceuticals%22">Radiopharmaceuticals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Positron+emission+tomography%22">Positron emission tomography</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Systematic+reviews%22">Systematic reviews</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychology%22">Psychology</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
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  Data: Although the prevalence of dementia continues to increase worldwide, incidence in the western world might have decreased as a result of better vascular care and improved brain health. Alzheimer's disease, the most prevalent cause of dementia, is still defined by the combined presence of amyloid and tau, but researchers are gradually moving away from the simple assumption of linear causality as proposed in the original amyloid hypothesis. Age-related, protective, and disease-promoting factors probably interact with the core mechanisms of the disease. Amyloid β42, and tau proteins are established core cerebrospinal biomarkers; novel candidate biomarkers include amyloid β oligomers and synaptic markers. MRI and fluorodeoxyglucose PET are established imaging techniques for diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Amyloid PET is gaining traction in the clinical arena, but validity and cost-effectiveness remain to be established. Tau PET might offer new insights and be of great help in differential diagnosis and selection of patients for trials. In the search for understanding the disease mechanism and keys to treatment, research is moving increasingly into the earliest phase of disease. Preclinical Alzheimer's disease is defined as biomarker evidence of Alzheimer's pathological changes in cognitively healthy individuals. Patients with subjective cognitive decline have been identified as a useful population in whom to look for preclinical Alzheimer's disease. Moderately positive results for interventions targeting several lifestyle factors in non-demented elderly patients and moderately positive interim results for lowering amyloid in pre-dementia Alzheimer's disease suggest that, ultimately, there will be a future in which specific anti-Alzheimer's therapy will be combined with lifestyle interventions targeting general brain health to jointly combat the disease. In this Seminar, we discuss the main developments in Alzheimer's research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Lancet is the property of Lancet and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01124-1
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
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        PageCount: 13
        StartPage: 505
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Alzheimer's disease research
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Disease prevalence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Disease incidence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Dementia
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Amyloid
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Alzheimer's disease diagnosis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Alzheimer's disease prevention
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Brain metabolism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Alzheimer's disease
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Behavior
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Brain
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cognition
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Deoxy sugars
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Magnetic resonance imaging
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nerve tissue proteins
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Peptides
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Radiopharmaceuticals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Positron emission tomography
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      – SubjectFull: Systematic reviews
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      – SubjectFull: Psychology
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      – TitleFull: Alzheimer's disease.
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              M: 07
              Text: 7/30/2016
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              Y: 2016
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