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The Effect of Prior Task Success on Older Adults’ Memory Performance: Examining the Influence of Different Types of Task Success.

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Title: The Effect of Prior Task Success on Older Adults’ Memory Performance: Examining the Influence of Different Types of Task Success.
Authors: Geraci, Lisa (AUTHOR), Hughes, Matthew L. (AUTHOR), Miller, Tyler M. (AUTHOR), De Forrest, Ross L. (AUTHOR)
Source: Experimental Aging Research. Jul/Sep2016, Vol. 42 Issue 4, p365-381. 17p.
Subjects: Affect (Psychology), Aging, Anxiety, Confidence intervals, Experimental design, Memory, Psychological tests, Questionnaires, Research funding, Statistical sampling, Success, Time, Educational attainment, Control groups, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Descriptive statistics, One-way analysis of variance, Old age
Abstract: Background/Study Context: Negative aging stereotypes can lead older adults to perform poorly on memory tests. Yet, memory performance can be improved if older adults have a single successful experience on a cognitive test prior to participating in a memory experiment (Geraci & Miller, 2013, Psychology and Aging, 28, 340–345). The current study examined the effects of different types of prior task experience on subsequent memory performance. Methods: Before participating in a verbal free recall experiment, older adults in Experiment 1 successfully completed either a verbal or a visual cognitive task or no task. In Experiment 2, they successfully completed either a motor task or no task before participating in the free recall experiment. Results: Results from Experiment 1 showed that relative to control (no prior task), participants who had prior success, either on a verbal or a visual task, had better subsequent recall performance. Experiment 2 showed that prior success on a motor task, however, did not lead to a later memory advantage relative to control. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that older adults' memory can be improved by a successful prior task experience so long as that experience is in a cognitive domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Experimental Aging Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: The Effect of Prior Task Success on Older Adults’ Memory Performance: Examining the Influence of Different Types of Task Success.
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  Data: Background/Study Context: Negative aging stereotypes can lead older adults to perform poorly on memory tests. Yet, memory performance can be improved if older adults have a single successful experience on a cognitive test prior to participating in a memory experiment (Geraci & Miller, 2013, Psychology and Aging, 28, 340–345). The current study examined the effects of different types of prior task experience on subsequent memory performance. Methods: Before participating in a verbal free recall experiment, older adults in Experiment 1 successfully completed either a verbal or a visual cognitive task or no task. In Experiment 2, they successfully completed either a motor task or no task before participating in the free recall experiment. Results: Results from Experiment 1 showed that relative to control (no prior task), participants who had prior success, either on a verbal or a visual task, had better subsequent recall performance. Experiment 2 showed that prior success on a motor task, however, did not lead to a later memory advantage relative to control. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that older adults' memory can be improved by a successful prior task experience so long as that experience is in a cognitive domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Experimental Aging Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/0361073X.2016.1191860
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 17
        StartPage: 365
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Affect (Psychology)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Aging
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Anxiety
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Confidence intervals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Experimental design
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Memory
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Psychological tests
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Questionnaires
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research funding
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      – SubjectFull: Statistical sampling
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      – SubjectFull: Success
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      – SubjectFull: Time
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      – SubjectFull: Educational attainment
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      – SubjectFull: Control groups
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      – SubjectFull: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
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      – SubjectFull: One-way analysis of variance
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Old age
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: The Effect of Prior Task Success on Older Adults’ Memory Performance: Examining the Influence of Different Types of Task Success.
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              M: 07
              Text: Jul/Sep2016
              Type: published
              Y: 2016
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