The Impact of Testing on the Formation of Children's and Adults' False Memories.
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| Title: | The Impact of Testing on the Formation of Children's and Adults' False Memories. |
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| Authors: | Brackmann, Nathalie, Otgaar, Henry, Sauerland, Melanie, Howe, Mark L. |
| Source: | Applied Cognitive Psychology. Sep/Oct2016, Vol. 30 Issue 5, p785-794. 10p. |
| Subjects: | False memory syndrome, Long-term memory in children, Child psychology, Mental health, Adults, Fuzzy logic |
| Abstract: | Witnesses are frequently questioned immediately following a crime. The effects of such testing on false recall are inconclusive: Testing may inoculate against subsequent misinformation or enhance false memory formation. We examined whether different types of processing can account for these discrepancies. Drawing from Fuzzy-trace and Associative-activation theories, immediate questions that trigger the processing of the global understanding of the event can heighten false memory rates. However, questions that trigger the processing of specific details can inoculate memories against subsequent misinformation. These effects were hypothesized to be more pronounced in children than in adults. Seven/eight-, 11/12-, 14/15-year-olds, and adults (N = 220) saw a mock-theft film and were tested immediately with meaning or item-specific questions. Test results on the succeeding day replicated classic misinformation and testing effects, although our processing hypothesis was not supported. Only adults who received meaning questions benefited from immediate testing and, across all ages, testing led to retrieval-enhanced suggestibility. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Applied Cognitive Psychology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
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