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Working memory predicts presence of auditory verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder with psychosis.

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Title: Working memory predicts presence of auditory verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder with psychosis.
Authors: Jenkins, Lisanne M. (AUTHOR), Bodapati, Anjuli S. (AUTHOR), Sharma, Rajiv P. (AUTHOR), Rosen, Cherise (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology. Feb2018, Vol. 40 Issue 1, p84-94. 11p. 6 Charts, 1 Graph.
Subjects: Schizophrenia, Bipolar disorder, Psychoses, Short-term memory, Auditory cortex, Auditory hallucinations, Symptoms
Abstract: Objective: The recent dramatic increase in research investigating auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) has broadened the former narrow focus on schizophrenia to incorporate additional populations that experience these symptoms. However, an understanding of potential shared mechanisms remains elusive. Based on theories suggesting a failure of top-down cognitive control, we aimed to compare the relationship between AVHs and cognition in two categorical diagnoses of psychosis, schizophrenia and psychotic bipolar disorder.Method: A total of 124 adults aged 21–60 participated, of whom 76 had present-state psychosis (schizophrenia,n = 53; bipolar disorder with psychosis,n = 23), and 48 were non-clinical controls. Diagnosis and hallucination presence was determined using the Structured Clinical Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV TR. AVHs severity was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Participants also completed the MATRICS cognitive battery.Results: The bipolar disorder with psychosis group performed better than the schizophrenia group for cognitive domains of Processing speed, Attention, Working memory (WM), and Visual memory. Hierarchical binary logistic regression found that WM significantly predicted presence of AVHs in both psychotic groups, but diagnosis did not significantly increase the predictive value of the model. A hierarchical multiple linear regression found that schizophrenia diagnosis was the only significant predictor of hallucination severity.Conclusions: The findings of this study—the first, to our knowledge, to compare the relationship between AVHs and MATRICS domains across schizophrenia and bipolar disorder with psychosis—support theories that deficits in WM underly the genesis of AVHs. WM potentially represents a shared mechanism of AVHs across diagnoses, supporting dimensional classifications of these psychotic disorders. However, non-cognitive factors predictive of hallucination severity may be specific to schizophrenia. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
Copyright of Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Working memory predicts presence of auditory verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder with psychosis.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jenkins%2C+Lisanne+M%2E%22">Jenkins, Lisanne M.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bodapati%2C+Anjuli+S%2E%22">Bodapati, Anjuli S.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sharma%2C+Rajiv+P%2E%22">Sharma, Rajiv P.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rosen%2C+Cherise%22">Rosen, Cherise</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Clinical+%26+Experimental+Neuropsychology%22">Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology</searchLink>. Feb2018, Vol. 40 Issue 1, p84-94. 11p. 6 Charts, 1 Graph.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Schizophrenia%22">Schizophrenia</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bipolar+disorder%22">Bipolar disorder</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychoses%22">Psychoses</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Short-term+memory%22">Short-term memory</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Auditory+cortex%22">Auditory cortex</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Auditory+hallucinations%22">Auditory hallucinations</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Symptoms%22">Symptoms</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Objective: The recent dramatic increase in research investigating auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) has broadened the former narrow focus on schizophrenia to incorporate additional populations that experience these symptoms. However, an understanding of potential shared mechanisms remains elusive. Based on theories suggesting a failure of top-down cognitive control, we aimed to compare the relationship between AVHs and cognition in two categorical diagnoses of psychosis, schizophrenia and psychotic bipolar disorder.Method: A total of 124 adults aged 21–60 participated, of whom 76 had present-state psychosis (schizophrenia,n = 53; bipolar disorder with psychosis,n = 23), and 48 were non-clinical controls. Diagnosis and hallucination presence was determined using the Structured Clinical Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV TR. AVHs severity was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Participants also completed the MATRICS cognitive battery.Results: The bipolar disorder with psychosis group performed better than the schizophrenia group for cognitive domains of Processing speed, Attention, Working memory (WM), and Visual memory. Hierarchical binary logistic regression found that WM significantly predicted presence of AVHs in both psychotic groups, but diagnosis did not significantly increase the predictive value of the model. A hierarchical multiple linear regression found that schizophrenia diagnosis was the only significant predictor of hallucination severity.Conclusions: The findings of this study—the first, to our knowledge, to compare the relationship between AVHs and MATRICS domains across schizophrenia and bipolar disorder with psychosis—support theories that deficits in WM underly the genesis of AVHs. WM potentially represents a shared mechanism of AVHs across diagnoses, supporting dimensional classifications of these psychotic disorders. However, non-cognitive factors predictive of hallucination severity may be specific to schizophrenia. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1080/13803395.2017.1321106
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Auditory cortex
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      – SubjectFull: Auditory hallucinations
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      – TitleFull: Working memory predicts presence of auditory verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder with psychosis.
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            NameFull: Jenkins, Lisanne M.
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            NameFull: Bodapati, Anjuli S.
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            NameFull: Sharma, Rajiv P.
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            NameFull: Rosen, Cherise
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              Text: Feb2018
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              Y: 2018
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