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Predictors of response to synchronized transcranial magnetic stimulation for major depressive disorder.

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Bibliographic Details
Title:	Predictors of response to synchronized transcranial magnetic stimulation for major depressive disorder.
Authors:	Philip, Noah S. (AUTHOR), Leuchter, Andrew F. (AUTHOR), Cook, Ian A. (AUTHOR), Massaro, Joe (AUTHOR), Goethe, John W. (AUTHOR), Carpenter, Linda L. (AUTHOR)
Source:	Depression & Anxiety (1091-4269). Mar2019, Vol. 36 Issue 3, p278-285. 8p. 3 Charts.
Subjects:	Transcranial magnetic stimulation, Mental depression, Hamilton Depression Inventory, Brain stimulation, Regression analysis, Anxiety disorders treatment, Research funding, Blind experiment, Treatment effectiveness, Antidepressants, Anxiety disorders, Psychological tests, Comorbidity, Pharmacodynamics
Abstract:	Background: Synchronized transcranial magnetic stimulation (sTMS) is a new modality to reduce symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD). sTMS uses rotating neodymium magnets to deliver low-field stimulation matched to the individual alpha frequency (IAF). A previous multisite study showed that sTMS significantly reduced MDD symptoms in the per-protocol sample. To this end, we evaluated clinical features associated with optimal sTMS outcomes.Methods: Using the per-protocol sample (n = 120) from the parent sham-controlled trial, we performed univariate and stepwise linear regression to identify predictors of response after 6 weeks of sTMS. A subsample (n = 83) that entered a 4-week open/active continuation phase also was examined. Candidate variables included age, sex, comorbid anxiety, number of failed antidepressants in the current depressive episode, MDD severity (17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; HAMD17), anxiety symptom severity (HAMD17 anxiety/somatization factor), and IAF.Results: We found that greater baseline depressive (p < 0.001) and anxiety (p < 0.001) symptom severity were associated with better response to active sTMS, whereas fewer failed antidepressant trials predicted superior response to sham (p < 0.001). MDD severity and antidepressant resistance predicted outcomes in open/active phase sTMS; lower IAF predicted poorer response in participants who received 10 weeks of active sTMS (p = 0.001).Conclusions: Participants with greater severity of depression and higher anxiety had superior responses to active sTMS, whereas treatment naïve individuals exhibited a greater response to sham. These results lend support to the primary efficacy findings, and support further investigation of sTMS as a therapeutic noninvasive brain stimulation modality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
	Copyright of Depression & Anxiety (1091-4269) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database:	Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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