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Reduced Attention in Former Smokers with and without COPD.

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Title: Reduced Attention in Former Smokers with and without COPD.
Authors: Croghan, Anna, Brunette, Amanda, Holm, Kristen E., Kozora, Elizabeth, Moser, David J., Wamboldt, Frederick S., Meschede, Kimberly, Make, Barry J., Crapo, James D., Weinberger, Howard D., Moreau, Kerrie L., Bowler, Russell P., Hoth, Karin F.
Source: International Journal of Behavioral Medicine. Dec2019, Vol. 26 Issue 6, p600-607. 8p. 4 Charts.
Subjects: Risk factors of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, Age distribution, Attention, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, Ex-smokers, Impulsive personality, Obstructive lung diseases, Questionnaires, Regression analysis, Pulmonary function tests, Risk assessment, Symptoms, Severity of illness index, Disease complications
Abstract: Background: Attention difficulties are often reported by patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); however, limited research exists using objective tests designed specifically to measure attention in this population. This study aimed to (1) identify specific attention deficits in COPD and (2) determine which demographic/clinical characteristics are associated with reduced attention. Methods: Eighty-four former smokers (53 COPD, 31 no COPD) completed questionnaires, pulmonary function testing, and the Conner's Continuous Performance Test II (CPT-II). Participants with and without COPD were compared on CPT-II measures of inattention, impulsivity, and vigilance. CPT-II measures that differed significantly between the two groups were further examined using hierarchical regression modeling. Demographic/clinical characteristics were entered into models with attention as the dependent variable. Results: Participants with COPD performed worse than those without COPD on CPT measures of inattention and impulsivity (i.e., detectability [discrimination of target from non-target stimuli], perseverations [reaction time under 100 ms], omissions [target stimuli response failures], and commissions [responses to non-target stimuli]). More severe COPD (measured by greater airflow limitation) was associated with poorer ability to detect targets vs. foils and perseverative responding after adjusting for age and other covariates in the model. Conclusion: Former smokers with COPD experience problems with attention that go beyond slowed processing speed, including aspects of inattention and impulsivity. Clinicians should be aware that greater airflow limitation and older age are associated with attention difficulties, as this may impact functioning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Journal of Behavioral Medicine is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Reduced Attention in Former Smokers with and without COPD.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Croghan%2C+Anna%22">Croghan, Anna</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Brunette%2C+Amanda%22">Brunette, Amanda</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Holm%2C+Kristen+E%2E%22">Holm, Kristen E.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kozora%2C+Elizabeth%22">Kozora, Elizabeth</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Moser%2C+David+J%2E%22">Moser, David J.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wamboldt%2C+Frederick+S%2E%22">Wamboldt, Frederick S.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Meschede%2C+Kimberly%22">Meschede, Kimberly</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Make%2C+Barry+J%2E%22">Make, Barry J.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Crapo%2C+James+D%2E%22">Crapo, James D.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Weinberger%2C+Howard+D%2E%22">Weinberger, Howard D.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Moreau%2C+Kerrie+L%2E%22">Moreau, Kerrie L.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bowler%2C+Russell+P%2E%22">Bowler, Russell P.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hoth%2C+Karin+F%2E%22">Hoth, Karin F.</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Journal+of+Behavioral+Medicine%22">International Journal of Behavioral Medicine</searchLink>. Dec2019, Vol. 26 Issue 6, p600-607. 8p. 4 Charts.
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– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Background: Attention difficulties are often reported by patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); however, limited research exists using objective tests designed specifically to measure attention in this population. This study aimed to (1) identify specific attention deficits in COPD and (2) determine which demographic/clinical characteristics are associated with reduced attention. Methods: Eighty-four former smokers (53 COPD, 31 no COPD) completed questionnaires, pulmonary function testing, and the Conner's Continuous Performance Test II (CPT-II). Participants with and without COPD were compared on CPT-II measures of inattention, impulsivity, and vigilance. CPT-II measures that differed significantly between the two groups were further examined using hierarchical regression modeling. Demographic/clinical characteristics were entered into models with attention as the dependent variable. Results: Participants with COPD performed worse than those without COPD on CPT measures of inattention and impulsivity (i.e., detectability [discrimination of target from non-target stimuli], perseverations [reaction time under 100 ms], omissions [target stimuli response failures], and commissions [responses to non-target stimuli]). More severe COPD (measured by greater airflow limitation) was associated with poorer ability to detect targets vs. foils and perseverative responding after adjusting for age and other covariates in the model. Conclusion: Former smokers with COPD experience problems with attention that go beyond slowed processing speed, including aspects of inattention and impulsivity. Clinicians should be aware that greater airflow limitation and older age are associated with attention difficulties, as this may impact functioning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Behavioral Medicine is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s12529-019-09826-y
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        Text: English
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Risk factors of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Age distribution
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      – SubjectFull: Attention
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      – SubjectFull: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
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      – SubjectFull: Ex-smokers
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      – SubjectFull: Regression analysis
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      – SubjectFull: Disease complications
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              Text: Dec2019
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