Stigma and discrimination associated with mental illness and other stigmatizing conditions in China using two cultural-sensitive measures of stigma: interpersonal distance and occupational restrictiveness.
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| Title: | Stigma and discrimination associated with mental illness and other stigmatizing conditions in China using two cultural-sensitive measures of stigma: interpersonal distance and occupational restrictiveness. |
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| Authors: | Xiong, Wei, Phillips, Michael R., Wang, Zhizhong, Zhang, Yuhong, Cheng, Hui G., Link, Bruce G. |
| Source: | Psychological Medicine. Dec2021, Vol. 51 Issue 16, p2804-2813. 10p. |
| Subjects: | Attitudes toward mental illness, Discrimination (Sociology), Personal space, Social stigma, Independent living, Employment discrimination, Mental illness, Cultural awareness |
| Geographic Terms: | China |
| Abstract: | Background: Reducing stigma is a perennial target of mental health advocates, but effectively addressing stigma relies on the ability to correctly understand and accurately measure culture-specific and location-specific components of stigma and discrimination. Methods: We developed two culture-sensitive measures that assess the core components of stigma. The 40-item Interpersonal Distance Scale (IDS) asks respondents about their willingness to establish four different types of relationships with individuals with 10 target conditions, including five mental health-related conditions and five comparison conditions. The 40-item Occupational Restrictiveness Scale (ORS) asks respondents how suitable it is for individuals with the 10 conditions to assume four different types of occupations. The scales – which take 15 min to complete – were administered as part of a 2013 survey in Ningxia Province, China to a representative sample of 2425 adult community members. Results: IDS and ORS differentiated the level of stigma between the 10 conditions. Of the total, 81% of respondents were unwilling to have interpersonal relationships with individuals with mental health-related conditions and 91% considered them unsuitable for various occupations. Substantial differences in attitudes about the five mental health-related conditions suggest that there is no community consensus about what constitutes a 'mental illness'. Conclusions: Selection of comparison conditions, types of social relationships, and types of occupations considered by the IDS and ORS make it possible to develop culture-sensitive and cohort-specific measures of interpersonal distance and occupational restrictiveness that can be used to compare the level and type of stigma associated with different conditions and to monitor changes in stigma over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Psychological Medicine is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
| FullText | Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: pbh DbLabel: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection An: 153997387 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Stigma and discrimination associated with mental illness and other stigmatizing conditions in China using two cultural-sensitive measures of stigma: interpersonal distance and occupational restrictiveness. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xiong%2C+Wei%22">Xiong, Wei</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Phillips%2C+Michael+R%2E%22">Phillips, Michael R.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Zhizhong%22">Wang, Zhizhong</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Yuhong%22">Zhang, Yuhong</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cheng%2C+Hui+G%2E%22">Cheng, Hui G.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Link%2C+Bruce+G%2E%22">Link, Bruce G.</searchLink> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Psychological+Medicine%22">Psychological Medicine</searchLink>. Dec2021, Vol. 51 Issue 16, p2804-2813. 10p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Attitudes+toward+mental+illness%22">Attitudes toward mental illness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Discrimination+%28Sociology%29%22">Discrimination (Sociology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Personal+space%22">Personal space</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+stigma%22">Social stigma</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Independent+living%22">Independent living</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Employment+discrimination%22">Employment discrimination</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+illness%22">Mental illness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cultural+awareness%22">Cultural awareness</searchLink> – Name: SubjectGeographic Label: Geographic Terms Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22China%22">China</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Background: Reducing stigma is a perennial target of mental health advocates, but effectively addressing stigma relies on the ability to correctly understand and accurately measure culture-specific and location-specific components of stigma and discrimination. Methods: We developed two culture-sensitive measures that assess the core components of stigma. The 40-item Interpersonal Distance Scale (IDS) asks respondents about their willingness to establish four different types of relationships with individuals with 10 target conditions, including five mental health-related conditions and five comparison conditions. The 40-item Occupational Restrictiveness Scale (ORS) asks respondents how suitable it is for individuals with the 10 conditions to assume four different types of occupations. The scales – which take 15 min to complete – were administered as part of a 2013 survey in Ningxia Province, China to a representative sample of 2425 adult community members. Results: IDS and ORS differentiated the level of stigma between the 10 conditions. Of the total, 81% of respondents were unwilling to have interpersonal relationships with individuals with mental health-related conditions and 91% considered them unsuitable for various occupations. Substantial differences in attitudes about the five mental health-related conditions suggest that there is no community consensus about what constitutes a 'mental illness'. Conclusions: Selection of comparison conditions, types of social relationships, and types of occupations considered by the IDS and ORS make it possible to develop culture-sensitive and cohort-specific measures of interpersonal distance and occupational restrictiveness that can be used to compare the level and type of stigma associated with different conditions and to monitor changes in stigma over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Psychological Medicine is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1017/S0033291720001439 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 10 StartPage: 2804 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Attitudes toward mental illness Type: general – SubjectFull: Discrimination (Sociology) Type: general – SubjectFull: Personal space Type: general – SubjectFull: Social stigma Type: general – SubjectFull: Independent living Type: general – SubjectFull: Employment discrimination Type: general – SubjectFull: Mental illness Type: general – SubjectFull: Cultural awareness Type: general – SubjectFull: China Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Stigma and discrimination associated with mental illness and other stigmatizing conditions in China using two cultural-sensitive measures of stigma: interpersonal distance and occupational restrictiveness. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Xiong, Wei – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Phillips, Michael R. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Wang, Zhizhong – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Zhang, Yuhong – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Cheng, Hui G. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Link, Bruce G. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 12 Text: Dec2021 Type: published Y: 2021 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 00332917 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 51 – Type: issue Value: 16 Titles: – TitleFull: Psychological Medicine Type: main |
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