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Gut–microbiota–brain axis in the vulnerability to psychosis in adulthood after repeated cannabis exposure during adolescence.

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Title: Gut–microbiota–brain axis in the vulnerability to psychosis in adulthood after repeated cannabis exposure during adolescence.
Authors: Wan, Xiayun (AUTHOR), Eguchi, Akifumi (AUTHOR), Qu, Youge (AUTHOR), Yang, Yong (AUTHOR), Chang, Lijia (AUTHOR), Shan, Jiajing (AUTHOR), Mori, Chisato (AUTHOR), Hashimoto, Kenji (AUTHOR)
Source: European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience. Oct2022, Vol. 272 Issue 7, p1297-1309. 13p. 5 Graphs.
Subjects: Adolescence, Gut microbiota, Psychoses, Adults, Nucleus accumbens
Abstract: Increasing epidemiological evidence shows that the use of cannabis during adolescence could increase the risk for psychosis in adulthood. However, the precise mechanisms underlying long-lasting cannabis-induced risk for psychosis remain unclear. Accumulating evidence suggests the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders. Here, we examined whether gut microbiota plays a role in the risk for psychosis of adult after exposure of cannabinoid (CB) receptor agonist WIN55,212–2 during adolescence. Repeated administration of WIN55,212–2 (2 mg/kg/day) during adolescence (P35–P45) significantly increased the expression of Iba1 (ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1) in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and nucleus accumbens (NAc) of adult mice after administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS: 0.5 mg/kg). In contrast, there were no changes in blood levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines between the two groups. Although alpha-diversity and beta-diversity of gut microbiota were no differences between the two groups, there were several microbes altered between the two groups. Interestingly, there were significant correlations between the relative abundance of microbiota and Iba1 expression in the mPFC and NAc. Furthermore, there were also significant correlations between the relative abundance of microbiota and several metabolites in the blood. These findings suggest that gut microbiota may play a role in the microglial activation in the mPFC and NAc of adult mice after repeated WIN55,212–2 exposure during adolescence. Therefore, it is likely that gut–microbiota–microglia crosstalk might play a role in increased risk for psychosis in adults with cannabis use during adolescence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Gut–microbiota–brain axis in the vulnerability to psychosis in adulthood after repeated cannabis exposure during adolescence.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wan%2C+Xiayun%22">Wan, Xiayun</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Eguchi%2C+Akifumi%22">Eguchi, Akifumi</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Qu%2C+Youge%22">Qu, Youge</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yang%2C+Yong%22">Yang, Yong</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chang%2C+Lijia%22">Chang, Lijia</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shan%2C+Jiajing%22">Shan, Jiajing</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mori%2C+Chisato%22">Mori, Chisato</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hashimoto%2C+Kenji%22">Hashimoto, Kenji</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Archives+of+Psychiatry+%26+Clinical+Neuroscience%22">European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience</searchLink>. Oct2022, Vol. 272 Issue 7, p1297-1309. 13p. 5 Graphs.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adolescence%22">Adolescence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gut+microbiota%22">Gut microbiota</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychoses%22">Psychoses</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adults%22">Adults</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nucleus+accumbens%22">Nucleus accumbens</searchLink>
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  Data: Increasing epidemiological evidence shows that the use of cannabis during adolescence could increase the risk for psychosis in adulthood. However, the precise mechanisms underlying long-lasting cannabis-induced risk for psychosis remain unclear. Accumulating evidence suggests the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders. Here, we examined whether gut microbiota plays a role in the risk for psychosis of adult after exposure of cannabinoid (CB) receptor agonist WIN55,212–2 during adolescence. Repeated administration of WIN55,212–2 (2 mg/kg/day) during adolescence (P35–P45) significantly increased the expression of Iba1 (ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1) in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and nucleus accumbens (NAc) of adult mice after administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS: 0.5 mg/kg). In contrast, there were no changes in blood levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines between the two groups. Although alpha-diversity and beta-diversity of gut microbiota were no differences between the two groups, there were several microbes altered between the two groups. Interestingly, there were significant correlations between the relative abundance of microbiota and Iba1 expression in the mPFC and NAc. Furthermore, there were also significant correlations between the relative abundance of microbiota and several metabolites in the blood. These findings suggest that gut microbiota may play a role in the microglial activation in the mPFC and NAc of adult mice after repeated WIN55,212–2 exposure during adolescence. Therefore, it is likely that gut–microbiota–microglia crosstalk might play a role in increased risk for psychosis in adults with cannabis use during adolescence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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              Text: Oct2022
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