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Effects of individual differences, society, and culture on youth‐rated problems and strengths in 38 societies.

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Title: Effects of individual differences, society, and culture on youth‐rated problems and strengths in 38 societies.
Authors: Ivanova, Masha Y., Achenbach, Thomas M., Turner, Lori, Almqvist, Fredrik, Begovac, Ivan, Bilenberg, Niels, Bird, Hector, Broberg, Anders G., Córdova Calderón, Mery A., Chahed, Myriam, Dang, Hoang‐Minh, Dobrean, Anca, Döpfner, Mandred, Erol, Nese, Forns, Maria, Guðmundsson, Halldór S., Hannesdóttir, Helga, Hewitt‐Ramirez, Nohelia, Kanbayashi, Yasuko, Karki, Suyen
Source: Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry. Nov2022, Vol. 63 Issue 11, p1297-1307. 11p. 3 Charts, 1 Graph.
Subjects: Culture, Parent attitudes, Analysis of variance, Social norms, Individuality, Cultural pluralism, Mental health, Behavior disorders, Adolescent psychology, Teenagers' conduct of life, Pathological psychology, Social disabilities
Abstract: Background: Clinicians increasingly serve youths from societal/cultural backgrounds different from their own. This raises questions about how to interpret what such youths report. Rescorla et al. (2019, European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 28, 1107) found that much more variance in 72,493 parents' ratings of their offspring's mental health problems was accounted for by individual differences than by societal or cultural differences. Although parents' reports are essential for clinical assessment of their offspring, they reflect parents' perceptions of the offspring. Consequently, clinical assessment also requires self‐reports from the offspring themselves. To test effects of individual differences, society, and culture on youths' self‐ratings of their problems and strengths, we analyzed Youth Self‐Report (YSR) scores for 39,849 11–17 year olds in 38 societies. Methods: Indigenous researchers obtained YSR self‐ratings from population samples of youths in 38 societies representing 10 culture cluster identified in the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavioral Effectiveness study. Hierarchical linear modeling of scores on 17 problem scales and one strengths scale estimated the percent of variance accounted for by individual differences (including measurement error), society, and culture cluster. ANOVAs tested age and gender effects. Results: Averaged across the 17 problem scales, individual differences accounted for 92.5% of variance, societal differences 6.0%, and cultural differences 1.5%. For strengths, individual differences accounted for 83.4% of variance, societal differences 10.1%, and cultural differences 6.5%. Age and gender had very small effects. Conclusions: Like parents' ratings, youths' self‐ratings of problems were affected much more by individual differences than societal/cultural differences. Most variance in self‐rated strengths also reflected individual differences, but societal/cultural effects were larger than for problems, suggesting greater influence of social desirability. The clinical significance of individual differences in youths' self‐reports should thus not be minimized by societal/cultural differences, which—while important—can be taken into account with appropriate norms, as can gender and age differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Effects of individual differences, society, and culture on youth‐rated problems and strengths in 38 societies.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ivanova%2C+Masha+Y%2E%22">Ivanova, Masha Y.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Achenbach%2C+Thomas+M%2E%22">Achenbach, Thomas M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Turner%2C+Lori%22">Turner, Lori</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Almqvist%2C+Fredrik%22">Almqvist, Fredrik</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Begovac%2C+Ivan%22">Begovac, Ivan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bilenberg%2C+Niels%22">Bilenberg, Niels</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bird%2C+Hector%22">Bird, Hector</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Broberg%2C+Anders+G%2E%22">Broberg, Anders G.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Córdova+Calderón%2C+Mery+A%2E%22">Córdova Calderón, Mery A.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chahed%2C+Myriam%22">Chahed, Myriam</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dang%2C+Hoang‐Minh%22">Dang, Hoang‐Minh</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dobrean%2C+Anca%22">Dobrean, Anca</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Döpfner%2C+Mandred%22">Döpfner, Mandred</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Erol%2C+Nese%22">Erol, Nese</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Forns%2C+Maria%22">Forns, Maria</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Guðmundsson%2C+Halldór+S%2E%22">Guðmundsson, Halldór S.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hannesdóttir%2C+Helga%22">Hannesdóttir, Helga</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hewitt‐Ramirez%2C+Nohelia%22">Hewitt‐Ramirez, Nohelia</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kanbayashi%2C+Yasuko%22">Kanbayashi, Yasuko</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Karki%2C+Suyen%22">Karki, Suyen</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Child+Psychology+%26+Psychiatry%22">Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry</searchLink>. Nov2022, Vol. 63 Issue 11, p1297-1307. 11p. 3 Charts, 1 Graph.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Culture%22">Culture</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Parent+attitudes%22">Parent attitudes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Analysis+of+variance%22">Analysis of variance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+norms%22">Social norms</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Individuality%22">Individuality</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cultural+pluralism%22">Cultural pluralism</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+health%22">Mental health</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Behavior+disorders%22">Behavior disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adolescent+psychology%22">Adolescent psychology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Teenagers'+conduct+of+life%22">Teenagers' conduct of life</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pathological+psychology%22">Pathological psychology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+disabilities%22">Social disabilities</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Background: Clinicians increasingly serve youths from societal/cultural backgrounds different from their own. This raises questions about how to interpret what such youths report. Rescorla et al. (2019, European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 28, 1107) found that much more variance in 72,493 parents' ratings of their offspring's mental health problems was accounted for by individual differences than by societal or cultural differences. Although parents' reports are essential for clinical assessment of their offspring, they reflect parents' perceptions of the offspring. Consequently, clinical assessment also requires self‐reports from the offspring themselves. To test effects of individual differences, society, and culture on youths' self‐ratings of their problems and strengths, we analyzed Youth Self‐Report (YSR) scores for 39,849 11–17 year olds in 38 societies. Methods: Indigenous researchers obtained YSR self‐ratings from population samples of youths in 38 societies representing 10 culture cluster identified in the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavioral Effectiveness study. Hierarchical linear modeling of scores on 17 problem scales and one strengths scale estimated the percent of variance accounted for by individual differences (including measurement error), society, and culture cluster. ANOVAs tested age and gender effects. Results: Averaged across the 17 problem scales, individual differences accounted for 92.5% of variance, societal differences 6.0%, and cultural differences 1.5%. For strengths, individual differences accounted for 83.4% of variance, societal differences 10.1%, and cultural differences 6.5%. Age and gender had very small effects. Conclusions: Like parents' ratings, youths' self‐ratings of problems were affected much more by individual differences than societal/cultural differences. Most variance in self‐rated strengths also reflected individual differences, but societal/cultural effects were larger than for problems, suggesting greater influence of social desirability. The clinical significance of individual differences in youths' self‐reports should thus not be minimized by societal/cultural differences, which—while important—can be taken into account with appropriate norms, as can gender and age differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/jcpp.13569
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Parent attitudes
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      – SubjectFull: Analysis of variance
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      – SubjectFull: Social norms
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