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A hierarchy of visual processing deficits in body dysmorphic disorder: a conceptual review and empirical investigation.

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Title: A hierarchy of visual processing deficits in body dysmorphic disorder: a conceptual review and empirical investigation.
Authors: Pikoos, Toni D. (AUTHOR), Malcolm, Amy (AUTHOR), Castle, David J. (AUTHOR), Rossell, Susan L. (AUTHOR)
Source: Cognitive Neuropsychiatry. Mar2024, Vol. 29 Issue 2, p116-140. 25p.
Subjects: Body dysmorphic disorder, Emotion recognition, Facial abnormalities
Abstract: Abnormal visual processing has been proposed as a mechanism underlying excessive focus on minor appearance flaws in body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). Existing BDD research has not differentiated the various stages of face processing (featural, first-order configural, holistic and second-order configural) that are required for higher-order processes such as emotion recognition. This study investigated a hierarchical visual processing model to examine the nature of abnormalities in face processing in BDD. Thirty BDD participants and 27 healthy controls completed the Navon task, a featural and configural face processing task and a facial emotion labelling task. BDD participants performed similarly to controls when processing global and local non-face stimuli on the Navon task, when detecting subtle changes in the features and spacing of a target face, and when labelling emotional faces. However, BDD participants displayed poorer performance when viewing inverted faces, indicating difficulties in configural processing. The findings only partially support prior work. However, synthesis of results with previous findings indicates that heterogenous task methodologies may contribute to inconsistent findings. Recommendations are provided regarding the task parameters that appear most sensitive to abnormalities in BDD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Cognitive Neuropsychiatry is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: A hierarchy of visual processing deficits in body dysmorphic disorder: a conceptual review and empirical investigation.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pikoos%2C+Toni+D%2E%22">Pikoos, Toni D.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Malcolm%2C+Amy%22">Malcolm, Amy</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Castle%2C+David+J%2E%22">Castle, David J.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rossell%2C+Susan+L%2E%22">Rossell, Susan L.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Cognitive+Neuropsychiatry%22">Cognitive Neuropsychiatry</searchLink>. Mar2024, Vol. 29 Issue 2, p116-140. 25p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Body+dysmorphic+disorder%22">Body dysmorphic disorder</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Emotion+recognition%22">Emotion recognition</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Facial+abnormalities%22">Facial abnormalities</searchLink>
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  Data: Abnormal visual processing has been proposed as a mechanism underlying excessive focus on minor appearance flaws in body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). Existing BDD research has not differentiated the various stages of face processing (featural, first-order configural, holistic and second-order configural) that are required for higher-order processes such as emotion recognition. This study investigated a hierarchical visual processing model to examine the nature of abnormalities in face processing in BDD. Thirty BDD participants and 27 healthy controls completed the Navon task, a featural and configural face processing task and a facial emotion labelling task. BDD participants performed similarly to controls when processing global and local non-face stimuli on the Navon task, when detecting subtle changes in the features and spacing of a target face, and when labelling emotional faces. However, BDD participants displayed poorer performance when viewing inverted faces, indicating difficulties in configural processing. The findings only partially support prior work. However, synthesis of results with previous findings indicates that heterogenous task methodologies may contribute to inconsistent findings. Recommendations are provided regarding the task parameters that appear most sensitive to abnormalities in BDD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Cognitive Neuropsychiatry is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1080/13546805.2024.2326243
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Body dysmorphic disorder
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Emotion recognition
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      – SubjectFull: Facial abnormalities
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              Text: Mar2024
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