Quantification of myelination in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a comparative assessment with synthetic MRI and DTI.

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Title: Quantification of myelination in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a comparative assessment with synthetic MRI and DTI.
Authors: Lin, Liping, Chen, Yingqian, Dai, Yan, Yan, Zi, Zou, Mengsha, Zhou, Qin, Qian, Long, Cui, Wei, Liu, Meina, Zhang, Hongyu, Yang, Zhiyun, Su, Shu
Source: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. Jun2024, Vol. 33 Issue 6, p1935-1944. 10p.
Subjects: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, Statistical significance, Research funding, Brain, Magnetic resonance imaging, Chi-squared test, Mann Whitney U Test, Analysis of covariance, Descriptive statistics, Nerve tissue, Neuroradiology, Comparative studies, Data analysis software, Children
Abstract: Evaluation of myelin content is crucial for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). To estimate myelin content in ADHD based on synthetic MRI–based method and compare it with established diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) method. Fifth-nine ADHD and fifty typically developing (TD) children were recruited. Global and regional myelin content (myelin volume fraction [MVF] and myelin volume [MYV]) were assessed using SyMRI and compared with DTI metrics (fractional anisotropy and mean/radial/axial diffusivity). The relationship between significant MRI parameters and clinical variables were assessed in ADHD. No between-group differences of whole-brain myelin content were found. Compared to TDs, ADHD showed higher mean MVF in bilateral internal capsule, external capsule, corona radiata, and corpus callosum, as well as in left tapetum, left superior fronto-occipital fascicular, and right cingulum (all PFDR-corrected < 0.05). Increased MYV were found in similar regions. Abnormalities of DTI metrics were mainly in bilateral corticospinal tract. Besides, MVF in right retro lenticular part of internal capsule was negatively correlated with cancellation test scores (r = – 0.41, P = 0.002), and MYV in right posterior limb of internal capsule (r = 0.377, P = 0.040) and left superior corona radiata (r = 0.375, P = 0.041) were positively correlated with cancellation test scores in ADHD. Increased myelin content underscored the important pathway of frontostriatal tract, posterior thalamic radiation, and corpus callosum underlying ADHD, which reinforced the insights into myelin quantification and its potential role in pathophysiological mechanism and disease diagnosis. Prospectively registered trials number: ChiCTR2100048109; date: 2021–07. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: Quantification of myelination in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a comparative assessment with synthetic MRI and DTI.
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  Data: Evaluation of myelin content is crucial for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). To estimate myelin content in ADHD based on synthetic MRI–based method and compare it with established diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) method. Fifth-nine ADHD and fifty typically developing (TD) children were recruited. Global and regional myelin content (myelin volume fraction [MVF] and myelin volume [MYV]) were assessed using SyMRI and compared with DTI metrics (fractional anisotropy and mean/radial/axial diffusivity). The relationship between significant MRI parameters and clinical variables were assessed in ADHD. No between-group differences of whole-brain myelin content were found. Compared to TDs, ADHD showed higher mean MVF in bilateral internal capsule, external capsule, corona radiata, and corpus callosum, as well as in left tapetum, left superior fronto-occipital fascicular, and right cingulum (all PFDR-corrected &lt; 0.05). Increased MYV were found in similar regions. Abnormalities of DTI metrics were mainly in bilateral corticospinal tract. Besides, MVF in right retro lenticular part of internal capsule was negatively correlated with cancellation test scores (r = – 0.41, P = 0.002), and MYV in right posterior limb of internal capsule (r = 0.377, P = 0.040) and left superior corona radiata (r = 0.375, P = 0.041) were positively correlated with cancellation test scores in ADHD. Increased myelin content underscored the important pathway of frontostriatal tract, posterior thalamic radiation, and corpus callosum underlying ADHD, which reinforced the insights into myelin quantification and its potential role in pathophysiological mechanism and disease diagnosis. Prospectively registered trials number: ChiCTR2100048109; date: 2021–07. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of European Child &amp; Adolescent Psychiatry is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s00787-023-02297-3
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      – SubjectFull: Statistical significance
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