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Diagnostic conversion to bipolar disorder among adolescents and young adults with major depressive disorder: a nationwide longitudinal study.

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Title: Diagnostic conversion to bipolar disorder among adolescents and young adults with major depressive disorder: a nationwide longitudinal study.
Authors: Kung, Fan-Hsuan, Tsai, Chia-Kuang, Cheng, Chih-Ming, Tsai, Shih-Jen, Su, Tung-Ping, Chen, Tzeng-Ji, Bai, Ya-Mei, Liang, Chih-Sung, Chen, Mu-Hong
Source: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. Oct2024, Vol. 33 Issue 10, p3625-3635. 11p.
Subjects: Diagnosis of bipolar disorder, Diagnosis of mental depression, Substance abuse, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, Research funding, Empirical research, Descriptive statistics, Personality disorders, Family history (Medicine), Longitudinal method, Survival analysis (Biometry), Confidence intervals, Proportional hazards models, Regression analysis, Obesity, Comorbidity, Adolescence, Adults
Geographic Terms: Taiwan
Abstract: Although several studies have examined a diagnostic conversion from major depressive disorder (MDD) to bipolar disorder (BD), only a few studies specifically focused on adolescents and young adults who are at the peak ages of BD onset. Data from participants (N = 130,793) aged 10–29 years who were diagnosed with MDD were extracted from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. We applied demographic analyses, survival analysis, Aalen Johansen curves, and Cox regression, investigating the diagnostic conversion rate and factors that were most or less predictive of conversion. Among the adolescents and young adults with MDD, the number of participant conversion subsample is 14,187 and the conversion rate was 13.80% (95% confidence interval: 13.54–14.06%) during the 11-year follow-up. The conversion rate was highest in the first year (4.50%; 4.39–4.61%) and decreased over time. The significant predictors were younger age of diagnosis with MDD (p < 0.001), moderate and high antidepressant resistance (p < 0.001), obesity (p < 0.001), psychiatric comorbidities (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, substance use disorder, and cluster B and C personality disorder, all p < 0.001), a family history of mental disorders (schizophrenia and mood disorders, all p < 0.05), lower monthly income (p < 0.001), and more mental health visits to the clinic each year (p < 0.001). A composite of demographic characteristics, antidepressant resistance, physical and psychiatric comorbidities, and family history significantly predicted diagnostic conversion from MDD to BD (area under the curve = 0.795, p < 0.001). Compared to adult population, the adolescents and young adults had different factors that were most or less predictive of conversion, which warrants further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Diagnostic conversion to bipolar disorder among adolescents and young adults with major depressive disorder: a nationwide longitudinal study.
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  Data: Although several studies have examined a diagnostic conversion from major depressive disorder (MDD) to bipolar disorder (BD), only a few studies specifically focused on adolescents and young adults who are at the peak ages of BD onset. Data from participants (N = 130,793) aged 10–29 years who were diagnosed with MDD were extracted from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. We applied demographic analyses, survival analysis, Aalen Johansen curves, and Cox regression, investigating the diagnostic conversion rate and factors that were most or less predictive of conversion. Among the adolescents and young adults with MDD, the number of participant conversion subsample is 14,187 and the conversion rate was 13.80% (95% confidence interval: 13.54–14.06%) during the 11-year follow-up. The conversion rate was highest in the first year (4.50%; 4.39–4.61%) and decreased over time. The significant predictors were younger age of diagnosis with MDD (p &lt; 0.001), moderate and high antidepressant resistance (p &lt; 0.001), obesity (p &lt; 0.001), psychiatric comorbidities (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, substance use disorder, and cluster B and C personality disorder, all p &lt; 0.001), a family history of mental disorders (schizophrenia and mood disorders, all p &lt; 0.05), lower monthly income (p &lt; 0.001), and more mental health visits to the clinic each year (p &lt; 0.001). A composite of demographic characteristics, antidepressant resistance, physical and psychiatric comorbidities, and family history significantly predicted diagnostic conversion from MDD to BD (area under the curve = 0.795, p &lt; 0.001). Compared to adult population, the adolescents and young adults had different factors that were most or less predictive of conversion, which warrants further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of European Child &amp; Adolescent Psychiatry is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s00787-024-02401-1
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