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Conceptual foundations of acetylcarnitine supplementation in neuropsychiatric long COVID syndrome: a narrative review.

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Title: Conceptual foundations of acetylcarnitine supplementation in neuropsychiatric long COVID syndrome: a narrative review.
Authors: Helbing, Dario Lucas (AUTHOR), Dommaschk, Eva-Maria (AUTHOR), Danyeli, Lena Vera (AUTHOR), Liepinsh, Edgars (AUTHOR), Refisch, Alexander (AUTHOR), Sen, Zümrüt Duygu (AUTHOR), Zvejniece, Liga (AUTHOR), Rocktäschel, Tonia (AUTHOR), Stabenow, Leonie Karoline (AUTHOR), Schiöth, Helgi B. (AUTHOR), Walter, Martin (AUTHOR), Dambrova, Maija (AUTHOR), Besteher, Bianca (AUTHOR)
Source: European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience. Dec2024, Vol. 274 Issue 8, p1829-1845. 17p.
Subjects: Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome, Mental illness, Chronic fatigue syndrome, Symptoms, Therapeutics
Abstract: Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 can present as multi-organ pathology, with neuropsychiatric symptoms being the most common symptom complex, characterizing long COVID as a syndrome with a significant disease burden for affected individuals. Several typical symptoms of long COVID, such as fatigue, depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment, are also key features of other psychiatric disorders such as myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and major depressive disorder (MDD). However, clinically successful treatment strategies are still lacking and are often inspired by treatment options for diseases with similar clinical presentations, such as ME/CFS. Acetylcarnitine, the shortest metabolite of a class of fatty acid metabolites called acylcarnitines and one of the most abundant blood metabolites in humans can be used as a dietary/nutritional supplement with proven clinical efficacy in the treatment of MDD, ME/CFS and other neuropsychiatric disorders. Basic research in recent decades has established acylcarnitines in general, and acetylcarnitine in particular, as important regulators and indicators of mitochondrial function and other physiological processes such as neuroinflammation and energy production pathways. In this review, we will compare the clinical basis of neuropsychiatric long COVID with other fatigue-associated diseases. We will also review common molecular disease mechanisms associated with altered acetylcarnitine metabolism and the potential of acetylcarnitine to interfere with these as a therapeutic agent. Finally, we will review the current evidence for acetylcarnitine as a supplement in the treatment of fatigue-associated diseases and propose future research strategies to investigate the potential of acetylcarnitine as a treatment option for long COVID. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Conceptual foundations of acetylcarnitine supplementation in neuropsychiatric long COVID syndrome: a narrative review.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Helbing%2C+Dario+Lucas%22">Helbing, Dario Lucas</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dommaschk%2C+Eva-Maria%22">Dommaschk, Eva-Maria</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Danyeli%2C+Lena+Vera%22">Danyeli, Lena Vera</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liepinsh%2C+Edgars%22">Liepinsh, Edgars</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Refisch%2C+Alexander%22">Refisch, Alexander</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sen%2C+Zümrüt+Duygu%22">Sen, Zümrüt Duygu</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zvejniece%2C+Liga%22">Zvejniece, Liga</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rocktäschel%2C+Tonia%22">Rocktäschel, Tonia</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Stabenow%2C+Leonie+Karoline%22">Stabenow, Leonie Karoline</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Schiöth%2C+Helgi+B%2E%22">Schiöth, Helgi B.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Walter%2C+Martin%22">Walter, Martin</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dambrova%2C+Maija%22">Dambrova, Maija</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Besteher%2C+Bianca%22">Besteher, Bianca</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Archives+of+Psychiatry+%26+Clinical+Neuroscience%22">European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience</searchLink>. Dec2024, Vol. 274 Issue 8, p1829-1845. 17p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Post-acute+COVID-19+syndrome%22">Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+illness%22">Mental illness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chronic+fatigue+syndrome%22">Chronic fatigue syndrome</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Symptoms%22">Symptoms</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Therapeutics%22">Therapeutics</searchLink>
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  Data: Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 can present as multi-organ pathology, with neuropsychiatric symptoms being the most common symptom complex, characterizing long COVID as a syndrome with a significant disease burden for affected individuals. Several typical symptoms of long COVID, such as fatigue, depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment, are also key features of other psychiatric disorders such as myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and major depressive disorder (MDD). However, clinically successful treatment strategies are still lacking and are often inspired by treatment options for diseases with similar clinical presentations, such as ME/CFS. Acetylcarnitine, the shortest metabolite of a class of fatty acid metabolites called acylcarnitines and one of the most abundant blood metabolites in humans can be used as a dietary/nutritional supplement with proven clinical efficacy in the treatment of MDD, ME/CFS and other neuropsychiatric disorders. Basic research in recent decades has established acylcarnitines in general, and acetylcarnitine in particular, as important regulators and indicators of mitochondrial function and other physiological processes such as neuroinflammation and energy production pathways. In this review, we will compare the clinical basis of neuropsychiatric long COVID with other fatigue-associated diseases. We will also review common molecular disease mechanisms associated with altered acetylcarnitine metabolism and the potential of acetylcarnitine to interfere with these as a therapeutic agent. Finally, we will review the current evidence for acetylcarnitine as a supplement in the treatment of fatigue-associated diseases and propose future research strategies to investigate the potential of acetylcarnitine as a treatment option for long COVID. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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