A Direct Comparison of Three Screening Methods for Autism Spectrum Disorder in a High-Likelihood Sibling Population.
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| Title: | A Direct Comparison of Three Screening Methods for Autism Spectrum Disorder in a High-Likelihood Sibling Population. |
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| Authors: | Wong, Chui Mae, Mohd Zambri, Nurhafizah, Fan, Hui Hua, Lau, Lily H. S., Daniel, L. Mary, Koh, Hwan Cui |
| Source: | Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders. Apr2025, Vol. 55 Issue 4, p1274-1285. 12p. |
| Subjects: | Diagnosis of autism, Predictive tests, Research funding, Research methodology evaluation, Clinical medicine research, International relations, Asperger's syndrome, Medical screening, Comparative studies, Early diagnosis, Sensitivity & specificity (Statistics), Evaluation, Children |
| Abstract: | Targeted screening of children at increased likelihood of autism is recommended. However, autism screening tools are usually validated for use mainly in low-likelihood populations. This study compared the accuracy of the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised with Follow-up (M-CHAT-R/F), the ASDetect app, and the Social Attention and Communication Surveillance, Revised (SACS-R). Siblings of autistic children underwent autism screening at 12, 18 and 30 months old. At each visit, caregivers completed the M-CHAT-R/F and ASDetect while trained nurses tested the siblings using the SACS-R. At 36 to 48 months, the siblings underwent an Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule—Second Edition (ADOS-2) assessment. 189 siblings were screened, 141 completed the study, and 32 were confirmed to have autism. Although not validated for use at 12 months, the M-CHAT-R/F had the best sensitivity among the three tools for this age group, suggesting that early signs are already apparent to caregivers. The M-CHAT-R/F had overall better sensitivity (0.72–0.83) across all age groups, but with overall lower specificity (0.55–0.77). The SACS-R and ASDetect had better positive predictive values at 18 and 30 months (0.60–0.68), while the M-CHAT-R/F was 0.43–0.48. Negative predictive values were generally high across all three tools across all age groups (0.78–0.93). Targeted screening of children at high likelihood of autism yielded a detection rate of 22.7% and should therefore be implemented routinely to facilitate early detection and intervention. The performance of autism screening tools should be examined in higher-likelihood populations for targeted screening of these children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
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