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The Relationship Between Executive Functions, Self-Reflection, and Insight Across Adulthood.

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Title: The Relationship Between Executive Functions, Self-Reflection, and Insight Across Adulthood.
Authors: İlkmen, Yasemin Sohtorik, Soncu Büyükişcan, Ezgi
Source: Experimental Aging Research. May/Jun2025, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p271-284. 14p.
Subjects: Statistical correlation, Introspection, Cross-sectional method, Self-evaluation, Task performance, Executive function, Reflection (Philosophy), Self-control, Age distribution, Aging, Research, Memory, Psychological tests, Self-perception, Cognition
Abstract: Objective: Research suggests that executive functions and metacognitive abilities, including self-reflection and insight, may share underlying mechanisms since both rely on top-down cognitive processes and require self-regulation. However, these relationships have not been thoroughly examined by empirical research. The current study investigated the relationship between insight, self-reflection, and executive functions cross-sectionally across different stages of aging. Methods: Participants were 1284 (655 men and 629 women) cognitively healthy community dwellers with an age range of 18–89 years (M = 47.91, SD = 19.83). The sample was divided into three groups based on age, e.g., the young adults (18–34 years-old), the middle-aged adults (35–59 years-old), and older adults (60 years and older). Participants completed multiple executive function tasks (including trail making, verbal fluency, Stroop, digit span) and a self-report insight and self-reflection measure individually in face-to-face sessions. Results: The results show that education, age, digit span forward, which is a measure of short-term memory and phonemic fluency were significant predictors of self-reported insight. Furthermore, insight, but not self-reflection, had significant positive correlations with short-term memory and phonemic fluency across three age groups. Conclusions: Overall, the results indicate that performance on executive function measures and self-reported self-reflection and insight are relatively independent cognitive abilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Experimental Aging Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: The Relationship Between Executive Functions, Self-Reflection, and Insight Across Adulthood.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22İlkmen%2C+Yasemin+Sohtorik%22">İlkmen, Yasemin Sohtorik</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Soncu+Büyükişcan%2C+Ezgi%22">Soncu Büyükişcan, Ezgi</searchLink>
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  Data: Objective: Research suggests that executive functions and metacognitive abilities, including self-reflection and insight, may share underlying mechanisms since both rely on top-down cognitive processes and require self-regulation. However, these relationships have not been thoroughly examined by empirical research. The current study investigated the relationship between insight, self-reflection, and executive functions cross-sectionally across different stages of aging. Methods: Participants were 1284 (655 men and 629 women) cognitively healthy community dwellers with an age range of 18–89 years (M = 47.91, SD = 19.83). The sample was divided into three groups based on age, e.g., the young adults (18–34 years-old), the middle-aged adults (35–59 years-old), and older adults (60 years and older). Participants completed multiple executive function tasks (including trail making, verbal fluency, Stroop, digit span) and a self-report insight and self-reflection measure individually in face-to-face sessions. Results: The results show that education, age, digit span forward, which is a measure of short-term memory and phonemic fluency were significant predictors of self-reported insight. Furthermore, insight, but not self-reflection, had significant positive correlations with short-term memory and phonemic fluency across three age groups. Conclusions: Overall, the results indicate that performance on executive function measures and self-reported self-reflection and insight are relatively independent cognitive abilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Experimental Aging Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/0361073X.2024.2331404
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 14
        StartPage: 271
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Statistical correlation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Introspection
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cross-sectional method
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Self-evaluation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Task performance
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Executive function
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Reflection (Philosophy)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Self-control
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Age distribution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Aging
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Memory
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Psychological tests
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Self-perception
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cognition
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: The Relationship Between Executive Functions, Self-Reflection, and Insight Across Adulthood.
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            NameFull: İlkmen, Yasemin Sohtorik
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            NameFull: Soncu Büyükişcan, Ezgi
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            – D: 01
              M: 05
              Text: May/Jun2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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              Value: 51
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            – TitleFull: Experimental Aging Research
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