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Dense and uniform displays facilitate the detection of salient targets.

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Title: Dense and uniform displays facilitate the detection of salient targets.
Authors: Kerzel, Dirk (AUTHOR), Constant, Martin (AUTHOR)
Source: Visual Cognition. Oct-Dec2024, Vol. 32 Issue 9/10, p876-885. 10p.
Subjects: Sensory stimulation, Research funding, Neurophysiology, Color vision, Descriptive statistics, Attention, Experimental design, Analysis of variance, Visual perception, Reaction time
Abstract: Increasing the density or uniformity of nontarget stimuli appears to increase the saliency of singleton stimuli. Consequently, search times should be shorter. Surprisingly, however, effects of density or uniformity on search times were not always observed in detection tasks. We re-examined this finding with stimuli having two features, color and shape. Half of the participants indicated the presence or absence of a color singleton, and the other half indicated the presence or absence of a shape singleton. Density was changed by increasing the number of stimuli from 4 to 10. We found that the effects of density were either limited to target-absent trials or to target-present trials, which may explain previous failures to observe these effects. When color was the target feature, we found shorter RTs to dense than sparse displays on target-absent trials, but no difference on target-present trials. When shape was the target feature, it was the opposite. Concerning the uniformity of the nontargets, we found shorter RTs with uniform than mixed displays and this difference was larger on target-absent than target-present trials. These results are mostly consistent with the Guided Search Model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Visual Cognition is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Dense and uniform displays facilitate the detection of salient targets.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kerzel%2C+Dirk%22">Kerzel, Dirk</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Constant%2C+Martin%22">Constant, Martin</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Visual+Cognition%22">Visual Cognition</searchLink>. Oct-Dec2024, Vol. 32 Issue 9/10, p876-885. 10p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sensory+stimulation%22">Sensory stimulation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neurophysiology%22">Neurophysiology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Color+vision%22">Color vision</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Attention%22">Attention</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Experimental+design%22">Experimental design</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Analysis+of+variance%22">Analysis of variance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Visual+perception%22">Visual perception</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Reaction+time%22">Reaction time</searchLink>
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  Data: Increasing the density or uniformity of nontarget stimuli appears to increase the saliency of singleton stimuli. Consequently, search times should be shorter. Surprisingly, however, effects of density or uniformity on search times were not always observed in detection tasks. We re-examined this finding with stimuli having two features, color and shape. Half of the participants indicated the presence or absence of a color singleton, and the other half indicated the presence or absence of a shape singleton. Density was changed by increasing the number of stimuli from 4 to 10. We found that the effects of density were either limited to target-absent trials or to target-present trials, which may explain previous failures to observe these effects. When color was the target feature, we found shorter RTs to dense than sparse displays on target-absent trials, but no difference on target-present trials. When shape was the target feature, it was the opposite. Concerning the uniformity of the nontargets, we found shorter RTs with uniform than mixed displays and this difference was larger on target-absent than target-present trials. These results are mostly consistent with the Guided Search Model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Visual Cognition is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1080/13506285.2024.2315812
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        Text: English
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              Text: Oct-Dec2024
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