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Intrathecal treatment of Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptor encephalitis: a promising approach for refractory cases.

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Title: Intrathecal treatment of Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptor encephalitis: a promising approach for refractory cases.
Authors: Yang, Xiaobo (AUTHOR)
Source: Neurological Sciences. Aug2025, Vol. 46 Issue 8, p3495-3504. 10p.
Subjects: Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis, Child patients, Methotrexate, Neurological disorders, Rituximab
Abstract: Background: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis is a severe neurological disorder. While standard treatments work for many patients, up to 25% are resistant to these treatments. In such challenging cases, there is growing interest in using intrathecal approaches. Methods: A narrative review of relevant papers was conducted. Results: Case reports and case series have demonstrated the successful use of intrathecal methotrexate, either alone or in combination with steroids, particularly in pediatric patients. Additionally, intrathecal rituximab has shown promise in select cases. Conclusions: Although outcomes vary, this approach appears to be safe and has the potential to rescue refractory cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Neurological Sciences is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Intrathecal treatment of Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptor encephalitis: a promising approach for refractory cases.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yang%2C+Xiaobo%22">Yang, Xiaobo</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Anti-NMDA+receptor+encephalitis%22">Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Child+patients%22">Child patients</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Methotrexate%22">Methotrexate</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neurological+disorders%22">Neurological disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rituximab%22">Rituximab</searchLink>
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  Data: Background: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis is a severe neurological disorder. While standard treatments work for many patients, up to 25% are resistant to these treatments. In such challenging cases, there is growing interest in using intrathecal approaches. Methods: A narrative review of relevant papers was conducted. Results: Case reports and case series have demonstrated the successful use of intrathecal methotrexate, either alone or in combination with steroids, particularly in pediatric patients. Additionally, intrathecal rituximab has shown promise in select cases. Conclusions: Although outcomes vary, this approach appears to be safe and has the potential to rescue refractory cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Neurological Sciences is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s10072-025-08134-6
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