The impacts of policies controlling the spatial availability of take‐away alcohol on consumption and harms: A systematic narrative review.

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Title: The impacts of policies controlling the spatial availability of take‐away alcohol on consumption and harms: A systematic narrative review.
Authors: Shakory, Shima, Smith, Brendan T., Jansen, Rachel, Reel, Breanne, Hobin, Erin
Source: Addiction. Oct2025, Vol. 120 Issue 10, p1951-1969. 19p.
Subjects: Mortality prevention, Liquor laws, Mortality risk factors, Risk assessment, Alcoholic beverages, Government policy, Crime, Sales personnel, Private sector, Descriptive statistics, Relative medical risk, Alcohol-induced disorders, Harm reduction, Systematic reviews, MEDLINE, Odds ratio, Alcohol drinking, Grocery industry, Online information services, Confidence intervals, Government regulation, Convenience stores, Psychology information storage & retrieval systems, Disease risk factors
Abstract: Aim: To systematically review the evidence on the impacts of policies regulating the spatial availability of off‐premises alcohol on consumption and harms. Methods: Narrative review that examined peer‐reviewed studies published from 2016 to 2024 on policy changes affecting the spatial availability of off‐premises alcohol. Outcomes of interest were alcohol consumption, alcohol‐related harms and mortality. Results: The review identified 20 observational studies, primarily natural experiments, examining four policy types: malt liquor restrictions, sales expansion to retail outlets, privatization and changes to allowable alcohol content. Across studies, there was a suggestion that allowing alcohol sales in gas station convenience stores was associated with increased consumption and harms, whereas expanding to grocery stores was not. There was no clear evidence that restricting malt liquor reduces crime. Similarly, privatization was not associated with crime or health outcomes, though it was accompanied by price increases. Increases in allowable alcohol content were not associated with higher consumption, but decreases were associated with fewer alcohol‐related emergency visits and hospitalizations. Conclusions: The impact of policy changes in spatial alcohol availability depends on the policy details and retail outlet types. To mitigate public health impacts, policymakers should consider comprehensive alcohol control measures, such as regulating convenience store sales and accompanying grocery store expansions with minimum unit pricing, taxation and marketing restrictions. High‐quality natural experiments with pre‐post designs, control groups and confounder adjustments are needed to better understand how these policies impact both the general population and high‐risk subgroups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Addiction is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: The impacts of policies controlling the spatial availability of take‐away alcohol on consumption and harms: A systematic narrative review.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Addiction%22">Addiction</searchLink>. Oct2025, Vol. 120 Issue 10, p1951-1969. 19p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mortality+prevention%22">Mortality prevention</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Liquor+laws%22">Liquor laws</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mortality+risk+factors%22">Mortality risk factors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Risk+assessment%22">Risk assessment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Alcoholic+beverages%22">Alcoholic beverages</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Government+policy%22">Government policy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Crime%22">Crime</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sales+personnel%22">Sales personnel</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Private+sector%22">Private sector</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Relative+medical+risk%22">Relative medical risk</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Alcohol-induced+disorders%22">Alcohol-induced disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Harm+reduction%22">Harm reduction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Systematic+reviews%22">Systematic reviews</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22MEDLINE%22">MEDLINE</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Odds+ratio%22">Odds ratio</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Alcohol+drinking%22">Alcohol drinking</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Grocery+industry%22">Grocery industry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Online+information+services%22">Online information services</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Confidence+intervals%22">Confidence intervals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Government+regulation%22">Government regulation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Convenience+stores%22">Convenience stores</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychology+information+storage+%26+retrieval+systems%22">Psychology information storage & retrieval systems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Disease+risk+factors%22">Disease risk factors</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Aim: To systematically review the evidence on the impacts of policies regulating the spatial availability of off‐premises alcohol on consumption and harms. Methods: Narrative review that examined peer‐reviewed studies published from 2016 to 2024 on policy changes affecting the spatial availability of off‐premises alcohol. Outcomes of interest were alcohol consumption, alcohol‐related harms and mortality. Results: The review identified 20 observational studies, primarily natural experiments, examining four policy types: malt liquor restrictions, sales expansion to retail outlets, privatization and changes to allowable alcohol content. Across studies, there was a suggestion that allowing alcohol sales in gas station convenience stores was associated with increased consumption and harms, whereas expanding to grocery stores was not. There was no clear evidence that restricting malt liquor reduces crime. Similarly, privatization was not associated with crime or health outcomes, though it was accompanied by price increases. Increases in allowable alcohol content were not associated with higher consumption, but decreases were associated with fewer alcohol‐related emergency visits and hospitalizations. Conclusions: The impact of policy changes in spatial alcohol availability depends on the policy details and retail outlet types. To mitigate public health impacts, policymakers should consider comprehensive alcohol control measures, such as regulating convenience store sales and accompanying grocery store expansions with minimum unit pricing, taxation and marketing restrictions. High‐quality natural experiments with pre‐post designs, control groups and confounder adjustments are needed to better understand how these policies impact both the general population and high‐risk subgroups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Addiction is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/add.70070
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 19
        StartPage: 1951
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Mortality prevention
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Liquor laws
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mortality risk factors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Risk assessment
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Alcoholic beverages
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Government policy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Crime
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sales personnel
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Private sector
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Relative medical risk
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Alcohol-induced disorders
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Harm reduction
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      – SubjectFull: Systematic reviews
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      – SubjectFull: MEDLINE
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      – SubjectFull: Odds ratio
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Alcohol drinking
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      – SubjectFull: Convenience stores
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Psychology information storage & retrieval systems
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Disease risk factors
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: The impacts of policies controlling the spatial availability of take‐away alcohol on consumption and harms: A systematic narrative review.
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              Text: Oct2025
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