Estrogen and Estrogen Receptors in Cardioimmunology: Implications in Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Therapeutic Strategies.
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| Title: | Estrogen and Estrogen Receptors in Cardioimmunology: Implications in Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Therapeutic Strategies. |
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| Authors: | Hou, Hongjian (AUTHOR), Adzika, Gabriel K. (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Acta Physiologica. Dec2025, Vol. 241 Issue 12, p1-19. 19p. |
| Subjects: | Estrogen, Estrogen receptors, Cardiovascular diseases, Inflammation, Therapeutics, Immunoregulation, Cardiovascular agents |
| Abstract: | Estrogen (E2) and estrogen receptors (ERs) play vital roles in conferring cardioprotection by modulating several immunological homeostatic responses in cardiovascular tissues. Over the recent decades, the role of inflammatory responses as a tangential component impacting cardiac function and disease are being appreciated and investigated to elucidate the underlying pathomechanisms, identify and develop therapeutic strategies; thus, the emergence of the multi‐disciplinary field—cardioimmunology. Here, after summarizing expressions and functionalities of ERs in cellular constituents of the cardiovascular system, we discuss synergistic estrogenic signaling mechanisms preserving cardiovascular function and immune homeostasis. Next, we review studies implicating E2 and ERs in inflammation‐driven cardiovascular disease initiation and progression and highlight therapeutic strategies and clinical implications to foster further research into promoting cardiovascular health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
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