Raf-like protein kinase heterocomplexes directly regulate the plant plasma membrane H+-ATPase.
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| Title: | Raf-like protein kinase heterocomplexes directly regulate the plant plasma membrane H+-ATPase. |
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| Authors: | Takase, Hinano (AUTHOR), Nagano, Aina (AUTHOR), Yamauchi, Shota (AUTHOR), Hayashi, Yuki (AUTHOR), Takahashi, Koji (AUTHOR), Kamiyama, Yoshiaki (AUTHOR), Yamashita, Kota (AUTHOR), Katagiri, Sotaro (AUTHOR), Li, Yangdan (AUTHOR), Fuji, Saashia (AUTHOR), Tahara, Kyoka (AUTHOR), Noguchi, Minoru (AUTHOR), Kawaguchi, Yoshiki (AUTHOR), Adachi, Shunsuke (AUTHOR), Kodama, Yutaka (AUTHOR), Nishihama, Ryuichi (AUTHOR), Takemiya, Atsushi (AUTHOR), Kinoshita, Toshinori (AUTHOR), Umezawa, Taishi (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Science. 5/14/2026, Vol. 392 Issue 6799, p755-760. 6p. |
| Subjects: | Proton pumps (Biology), Protein kinases, Plant plasma membranes, Phosphorylation, Arabidopsis, Guard cells (Plant anatomy), Cellular signal transduction |
| Abstract: | The plasma membrane proton pump [PM H+-adenosine triphosphatase (PM H+-ATPase)] is essential in plants. C-terminal phosphorylation events regulate proton pump activity, such as Thr881 phosphorylation in Arabidopsis AHA1. We discovered a sequential protein phosphorylation pathway in which two distinct types of Raf-like protein kinases, C5-Raf and C7-Raf, form a heterocomplex that phosphorylates Thr881 to activate PM H+-ATPases. This regulatory system is highly conserved across lineages from liverworts to angiosperms. In Arabidopsis, a C5-Raf Raf36 regulates plant growth through the phosphorylation of multiple Arabidopsis H+-ATPases (AHAs). Additionally, another C5-Raf HT1 functions with C7-Rafs CBC1/2 to phosphorylate AHA1T881, thereby generating a driving force for light-induced stomatal opening. Our findings provide a framework for understanding PM H+-ATPase activation in various physiological processes, particularly in elucidating the complete mechanistic understanding of light-induced stomatal opening. Editor's summary: Although animals generally use sodium ions to regulate ionic balance across membranes, plants use a proton pump instead. Takase et al. identified a group of C-type Raf-like protein kinases that phosphorylate plasma membrane H+ ATPases in both the flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana and the distantly related liverwort Marchantia polymorpha. The C5 and C7 Rafs form a heterocomplex to phosphorylate a threonine residue on the proton pump, thereby regulating the opening of stomatal pores in response to light. These findings point to an evolutionarily conserved mechanism to regulate the activity of a fundamental ion pump in plants. —Madeleine Seale [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
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