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Efficiency of countries in terms of healthcare access and quality: Shannon entropy based data envelopment analysis and logistic regression modelling.

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Title: Efficiency of countries in terms of healthcare access and quality: Shannon entropy based data envelopment analysis and logistic regression modelling.
Authors: Yesilaydin, Gozde (AUTHOR), Bayin Donar, Gamze (AUTHOR), Alpaslan Takan, Melis (AUTHOR)
Source: Psychology, Health & Medicine. Jun2026, Vol. 31 Issue 5, p1111-1131. 21p.
Subjects: Health services accessibility, Medical care use, Middle-income countries, Cross-sectional method, Statistical correlation, Nurses, Medical quality control, Medical personnel, Income, Medical care, Socioeconomic factors, Developed countries, Logistic regression analysis, Descriptive statistics, Chi-squared test, Odds ratio, Economics, Research, Data analysis software, Confidence intervals, Physicians, Low-income countries, Medical care costs, Labor supply
Abstract: This study aims to assess the efficiency of countries classified by income groups in terms of healthcare access and quality (HAQ). It also investigates the impact of health resources on the efficiency status of countries. To achieve these goals, Shannon Entropy Method was used to determine the weights of input variables, while Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was employed to measure the efficiencies of 175 countries. The variables were obtained from the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Observatory and Global Health Expenditure database. Input variables included current health expenditure per capita in PPP, current health expenditure as a percentage of GDP, number of medical doctors, nurses and midwives, and hospital beds, with the HAQ index serving as the output variable. The findings revealed that high-income countries had the highest average HAQ index values. Additionally, Binary Logistic Regression Analysis highlighted health expenditure as a significant factor influencing countries' efficiency status. Monitoring HAQ trends can guide the evaluation of national health strategies and aid in the prioritization of healthcare resource allocation decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Psychology, Health & Medicine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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DbLabel: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
An: 193980049
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PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Efficiency of countries in terms of healthcare access and quality: Shannon entropy based data envelopment analysis and logistic regression modelling.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yesilaydin%2C+Gozde%22">Yesilaydin, Gozde</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bayin+Donar%2C+Gamze%22">Bayin Donar, Gamze</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Alpaslan+Takan%2C+Melis%22">Alpaslan Takan, Melis</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Psychology%2C+Health+%26+Medicine%22">Psychology, Health & Medicine</searchLink>. Jun2026, Vol. 31 Issue 5, p1111-1131. 21p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Health+services+accessibility%22">Health services accessibility</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+care+use%22">Medical care use</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Middle-income+countries%22">Middle-income countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cross-sectional+method%22">Cross-sectional method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Statistical+correlation%22">Statistical correlation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nurses%22">Nurses</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+quality+control%22">Medical quality control</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+personnel%22">Medical personnel</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Income%22">Income</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+care%22">Medical care</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Socioeconomic+factors%22">Socioeconomic factors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Developed+countries%22">Developed countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Logistic+regression+analysis%22">Logistic regression analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chi-squared+test%22">Chi-squared test</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Odds+ratio%22">Odds ratio</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Economics%22">Economics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research%22">Research</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Confidence+intervals%22">Confidence intervals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Physicians%22">Physicians</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Low-income+countries%22">Low-income countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+care+costs%22">Medical care costs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Labor+supply%22">Labor supply</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: This study aims to assess the efficiency of countries classified by income groups in terms of healthcare access and quality (HAQ). It also investigates the impact of health resources on the efficiency status of countries. To achieve these goals, Shannon Entropy Method was used to determine the weights of input variables, while Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was employed to measure the efficiencies of 175 countries. The variables were obtained from the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Observatory and Global Health Expenditure database. Input variables included current health expenditure per capita in PPP, current health expenditure as a percentage of GDP, number of medical doctors, nurses and midwives, and hospital beds, with the HAQ index serving as the output variable. The findings revealed that high-income countries had the highest average HAQ index values. Additionally, Binary Logistic Regression Analysis highlighted health expenditure as a significant factor influencing countries' efficiency status. Monitoring HAQ trends can guide the evaluation of national health strategies and aid in the prioritization of healthcare resource allocation decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Psychology, Health & Medicine is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/13548506.2025.2539935
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 21
        StartPage: 1111
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Health services accessibility
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Medical care use
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Middle-income countries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cross-sectional method
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Statistical correlation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nurses
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Medical quality control
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Medical personnel
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Income
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Medical care
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Socioeconomic factors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Developed countries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Logistic regression analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chi-squared test
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Odds ratio
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Economics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Data analysis software
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Confidence intervals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Physicians
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Low-income countries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Medical care costs
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Labor supply
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Efficiency of countries in terms of healthcare access and quality: Shannon entropy based data envelopment analysis and logistic regression modelling.
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Yesilaydin, Gozde
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Bayin Donar, Gamze
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Alpaslan Takan, Melis
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 06
              Text: Jun2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 13548506
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            – Type: volume
              Value: 31
            – Type: issue
              Value: 5
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Psychology, Health & Medicine
              Type: main
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