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Oncomodulin is a macrophage-derived signal for axon regeneration in retinal ganglion cells.

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Title: Oncomodulin is a macrophage-derived signal for axon regeneration in retinal ganglion cells.
Authors: Yuqin Yin, Henzl, Michael T., Lorber, Barbara, Nakazawa, Toru, Thomas, Tommy T, Fan Jiang, Langer, Robert, Benowitz, Larry I.
Source: Nature Neuroscience. Jun2006, Vol. 9 Issue 6, p843-852. 10p. 7 Diagrams.
Subjects: Optic nerve, Optic nerve cytology, Macrophage activation, Retinal ganglion cells, Cytokines, Neurons, Cells
Abstract: The optic nerve, like most mature CNS pathways, does not regenerate after injury. Through unknown mechanisms, however, macrophage activation in the eye stimulates retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) to regenerate long axons beyond the site of optic nerve injury. Here we identify the calcium (Ca2+)-binding protein oncomodulin as a potent macrophage-derived growth factor for RGCs and other neurons. Oncomodulin binds to rat RGCs with high affinity in a cyclic AMP (cAMP)-dependent manner and stimulates more extensive outgrowth than other known trophic agents. Depletion of oncomodulin from macrophage-conditioned media (MCM) eliminates the axon-promoting activity of MCM. The effects of oncomodulin involve downstream signaling via Ca2+/calmodulin kinase and gene transcription. In vivo, oncomodulin released from microspheres promotes regeneration in the mature rat optic nerve. Oncomodulin also stimulates outgrowth from peripheral sensory neurons. Thus, oncomodulin is a new growth factor for neurons of the mature central and peripheral nervous systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Nature Neuroscience is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Oncomodulin is a macrophage-derived signal for axon regeneration in retinal ganglion cells.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yuqin+Yin%22">Yuqin Yin</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Henzl%2C+Michael+T%2E%22">Henzl, Michael T.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lorber%2C+Barbara%22">Lorber, Barbara</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nakazawa%2C+Toru%22">Nakazawa, Toru</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Thomas%2C+Tommy+T%22">Thomas, Tommy T</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fan+Jiang%22">Fan Jiang</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Langer%2C+Robert%22">Langer, Robert</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Benowitz%2C+Larry+I%2E%22">Benowitz, Larry I.</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Nature+Neuroscience%22">Nature Neuroscience</searchLink>. Jun2006, Vol. 9 Issue 6, p843-852. 10p. 7 Diagrams.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Optic+nerve%22">Optic nerve</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Optic+nerve+cytology%22">Optic nerve cytology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Macrophage+activation%22">Macrophage activation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Retinal+ganglion+cells%22">Retinal ganglion cells</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cytokines%22">Cytokines</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neurons%22">Neurons</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cells%22">Cells</searchLink>
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  Data: The optic nerve, like most mature CNS pathways, does not regenerate after injury. Through unknown mechanisms, however, macrophage activation in the eye stimulates retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) to regenerate long axons beyond the site of optic nerve injury. Here we identify the calcium (Ca2+)-binding protein oncomodulin as a potent macrophage-derived growth factor for RGCs and other neurons. Oncomodulin binds to rat RGCs with high affinity in a cyclic AMP (cAMP)-dependent manner and stimulates more extensive outgrowth than other known trophic agents. Depletion of oncomodulin from macrophage-conditioned media (MCM) eliminates the axon-promoting activity of MCM. The effects of oncomodulin involve downstream signaling via Ca2+/calmodulin kinase and gene transcription. In vivo, oncomodulin released from microspheres promotes regeneration in the mature rat optic nerve. Oncomodulin also stimulates outgrowth from peripheral sensory neurons. Thus, oncomodulin is a new growth factor for neurons of the mature central and peripheral nervous systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Nature Neuroscience is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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              Text: Jun2006
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