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Pain control at the end of life: a comparative study of hospitalized cancer and noncancer patients.

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Title: Pain control at the end of life: a comparative study of hospitalized cancer and noncancer patients.
Authors: Steindal, Simen A. (AUTHOR), Bredal, Inger Schou (AUTHOR), Sørbye, Liv Wergeland (AUTHOR), Lerdal, Anners (AUTHOR)
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. Dec2011, Vol. 25 Issue 4, p771-779. 9p. 4 Charts.
Subjects: Analgesics, Cancer pain, Chi-squared test, Comparative studies, Confidence intervals, Epidemiology, Pain, Questionnaires, Research funding, T-test (Statistics), Terminal care, Terminally ill, Tumors, Data analysis, Empirical research, Cross-sectional method, Retrospective studies, Data analysis software, Descriptive statistics
Abstract: Scand J Caring Sci; 2011; 25; 771-779 Pain control at the end of life: a comparative study of hospitalized cancer and noncancer patients Background: Pain is a common symptom in dying patients. Previous studies have paid little attention to pain and pain control in terminally ill patients with diseases other than cancer. Aims: This study investigated whether there were differences in healthcare workers' documentation of pain characteristics in cancer and noncancer patients. We investigated what types of analgesics were administrated to dying patients, and if there were differences in the administration routes of opiates in cancer patients compared to noncancer patients in the last 3 days of life. Methods: Data were collected retrospectively in a cross-sectional comparative study at a hospital. The sample included 220 deceased patients (110 died of cancer and 110 died of other causes). Data were extracted from patients' medical records using the Resident Assessment Instrument of Palliative Care. Results: Healthcare workers consistently documented more pain in cancer patients during their last 3 days of life than in noncancer patients. The odds for having severe to excruciating pain was four times higher in cancer patients compared to noncancer patients. Morphine was the most frequently administrated analgesic for all dying patients; however, the odds ratio of cancer patients compared to noncancer patients receiving morphine plus scopolamine was 0.27. The odds of a cancer patient receiving analgesics classified as fentanyl, ketobemidone and oxycodone was more than 4-5 times higher than for noncancer patients. Opiates were more frequently administered transdermally or by oral administration on an as-need basis in cancer patients; 10% in both groups did not receive adequate pain control. Conclusions: Pain is a highly prevalent symptom among dying hospitalized patients. Healthcare workers consistently documented more pain in cancer patients and also assessed that the intensity of pain was more severe in these patients than in noncancer patients. The dying patients' intensity of pain was poorly documented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Pain control at the end of life: a comparative study of hospitalized cancer and noncancer patients.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Steindal%2C+Simen+A%2E%22">Steindal, Simen A.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bredal%2C+Inger+Schou%22">Bredal, Inger Schou</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sørbye%2C+Liv+Wergeland%22">Sørbye, Liv Wergeland</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lerdal%2C+Anners%22">Lerdal, Anners</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Scandinavian+Journal+of+Caring+Sciences%22">Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences</searchLink>. Dec2011, Vol. 25 Issue 4, p771-779. 9p. 4 Charts.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Analgesics%22">Analgesics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cancer+pain%22">Cancer pain</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chi-squared+test%22">Chi-squared test</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Comparative+studies%22">Comparative studies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Confidence+intervals%22">Confidence intervals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Epidemiology%22">Epidemiology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pain%22">Pain</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Questionnaires%22">Questionnaires</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22T-test+%28Statistics%29%22">T-test (Statistics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Terminal+care%22">Terminal care</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Terminally+ill%22">Terminally ill</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tumors%22">Tumors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis%22">Data analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Empirical+research%22">Empirical research</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cross-sectional+method%22">Cross-sectional method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Retrospective+studies%22">Retrospective studies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Scand J Caring Sci; 2011; 25; 771-779 Pain control at the end of life: a comparative study of hospitalized cancer and noncancer patients Background: Pain is a common symptom in dying patients. Previous studies have paid little attention to pain and pain control in terminally ill patients with diseases other than cancer. Aims: This study investigated whether there were differences in healthcare workers' documentation of pain characteristics in cancer and noncancer patients. We investigated what types of analgesics were administrated to dying patients, and if there were differences in the administration routes of opiates in cancer patients compared to noncancer patients in the last 3 days of life. Methods: Data were collected retrospectively in a cross-sectional comparative study at a hospital. The sample included 220 deceased patients (110 died of cancer and 110 died of other causes). Data were extracted from patients' medical records using the Resident Assessment Instrument of Palliative Care. Results: Healthcare workers consistently documented more pain in cancer patients during their last 3 days of life than in noncancer patients. The odds for having severe to excruciating pain was four times higher in cancer patients compared to noncancer patients. Morphine was the most frequently administrated analgesic for all dying patients; however, the odds ratio of cancer patients compared to noncancer patients receiving morphine plus scopolamine was 0.27. The odds of a cancer patient receiving analgesics classified as fentanyl, ketobemidone and oxycodone was more than 4-5 times higher than for noncancer patients. Opiates were more frequently administered transdermally or by oral administration on an as-need basis in cancer patients; 10% in both groups did not receive adequate pain control. Conclusions: Pain is a highly prevalent symptom among dying hospitalized patients. Healthcare workers consistently documented more pain in cancer patients and also assessed that the intensity of pain was more severe in these patients than in noncancer patients. The dying patients' intensity of pain was poorly documented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/j.1471-6712.2011.00892.x
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 9
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Analgesics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cancer pain
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chi-squared test
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Comparative studies
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Confidence intervals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Epidemiology
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      – SubjectFull: Pain
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      – SubjectFull: Research funding
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      – SubjectFull: T-test (Statistics)
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      – SubjectFull: Terminal care
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      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
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      – TitleFull: Pain control at the end of life: a comparative study of hospitalized cancer and noncancer patients.
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              Text: Dec2011
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