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A preliminary investigation of Stroop-related intrinsic connectivity in cocaine dependence: associations with treatment outcomes.

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Title: A preliminary investigation of Stroop-related intrinsic connectivity in cocaine dependence: associations with treatment outcomes.
Authors: Mitchell, Marci R. (AUTHOR), Balodis, Iris M. (AUTHOR), DeVito, Elise E. (AUTHOR), Lacadie, Cheryl M. (AUTHOR), Yeston, Jon (AUTHOR), Scheinost, Dustin (AUTHOR), Constable, R. Todd (AUTHOR), Carroll, Kathleen M. (AUTHOR), Potenza, Marc N. (AUTHOR)
Source: American Journal of Drug & Alcohol Abuse. 2013, Vol. 39 Issue 6, p392-402. 11p.
Subjects: Stroop effect, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Toxicology, Urinalysis, Cocaine, Drug addiction, Basal ganglia
Abstract: Background: Cocaine-dependent individuals demonstrate neural and behavioral differences compared to healthy comparison subjects when performing the Stroop color-word interference test. Stroop measures also relate to treatment outcome for cocaine dependence. Intrinsic connectivity analyses assess the extent to which task-related regional brain activations are related to each other in the absence of defining a priori regions of interest. Objective: This study examined 1) the extent to which cocaine-dependent and non-addicted individuals differed on measures of intrinsic connectivity during fMRI Stroop performance; and 2) the relationships between fMRI Stroop intrinsic connectivity and treatment outcome in cocaine dependence. Methods: Sixteen treatment-seeking cocaine-dependent patients and matched non-addicted comparison subjects completed an fMRI Stroop task. Between-group differences in intrinsic connectivity were assessed and related to self-reported and urine-toxicology-based cocaine-abstinence measures. Results: Cocaine-dependent patients vs. comparison subjects showed less intrinsic connectivity in cortical and subcortical regions. When adjusting for individual degree of intrinsic connectivity, cocaine-dependent vs. comparison subjects showed relatively greater intrinsic connectivity in the ventral striatum, putamen, inferior frontal gyrus, anterior insula, thalamus and substantia nigra. Non-mean-adjusted intrinsic-connectivity measures in the midbrain, thalamus, ventral striatum, substantia nigra, insula and hippocampus negatively correlated with measures of cocaine abstinence. Conclusion: The diminished intrinsic connectivity in cocaine-dependent vs. comparison subjects suggests poorer communication across brain regions during cognitive-control processes. In mean-adjusted analyses, the cocaine-dependent group displayed relatively greater Stroop-related connectivity in regions implicated in motivational processes in addictions. The relationships between treatment outcomes and connectivity in the midbrain and basal ganglia suggest that connectivity represents a potential treatment target. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of American Journal of Drug & Alcohol Abuse is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: A preliminary investigation of Stroop-related intrinsic connectivity in cocaine dependence: associations with treatment outcomes.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mitchell%2C+Marci+R%2E%22">Mitchell, Marci R.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Balodis%2C+Iris+M%2E%22">Balodis, Iris M.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22DeVito%2C+Elise+E%2E%22">DeVito, Elise E.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lacadie%2C+Cheryl+M%2E%22">Lacadie, Cheryl M.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yeston%2C+Jon%22">Yeston, Jon</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Scheinost%2C+Dustin%22">Scheinost, Dustin</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Constable%2C+R%2E+Todd%22">Constable, R. Todd</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Carroll%2C+Kathleen+M%2E%22">Carroll, Kathleen M.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Potenza%2C+Marc+N%2E%22">Potenza, Marc N.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22American+Journal+of+Drug+%26+Alcohol+Abuse%22">American Journal of Drug & Alcohol Abuse</searchLink>. 2013, Vol. 39 Issue 6, p392-402. 11p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stroop+effect%22">Stroop effect</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Functional+magnetic+resonance+imaging%22">Functional magnetic resonance imaging</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Toxicology%22">Toxicology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Urinalysis%22">Urinalysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cocaine%22">Cocaine</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Drug+addiction%22">Drug addiction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Basal+ganglia%22">Basal ganglia</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Background: Cocaine-dependent individuals demonstrate neural and behavioral differences compared to healthy comparison subjects when performing the Stroop color-word interference test. Stroop measures also relate to treatment outcome for cocaine dependence. Intrinsic connectivity analyses assess the extent to which task-related regional brain activations are related to each other in the absence of defining a priori regions of interest. Objective: This study examined 1) the extent to which cocaine-dependent and non-addicted individuals differed on measures of intrinsic connectivity during fMRI Stroop performance; and 2) the relationships between fMRI Stroop intrinsic connectivity and treatment outcome in cocaine dependence. Methods: Sixteen treatment-seeking cocaine-dependent patients and matched non-addicted comparison subjects completed an fMRI Stroop task. Between-group differences in intrinsic connectivity were assessed and related to self-reported and urine-toxicology-based cocaine-abstinence measures. Results: Cocaine-dependent patients vs. comparison subjects showed less intrinsic connectivity in cortical and subcortical regions. When adjusting for individual degree of intrinsic connectivity, cocaine-dependent vs. comparison subjects showed relatively greater intrinsic connectivity in the ventral striatum, putamen, inferior frontal gyrus, anterior insula, thalamus and substantia nigra. Non-mean-adjusted intrinsic-connectivity measures in the midbrain, thalamus, ventral striatum, substantia nigra, insula and hippocampus negatively correlated with measures of cocaine abstinence. Conclusion: The diminished intrinsic connectivity in cocaine-dependent vs. comparison subjects suggests poorer communication across brain regions during cognitive-control processes. In mean-adjusted analyses, the cocaine-dependent group displayed relatively greater Stroop-related connectivity in regions implicated in motivational processes in addictions. The relationships between treatment outcomes and connectivity in the midbrain and basal ganglia suggest that connectivity represents a potential treatment target. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of American Journal of Drug & Alcohol Abuse is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3109/00952990.2013.841711
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        Text: English
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Functional magnetic resonance imaging
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      – SubjectFull: Toxicology
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      – SubjectFull: Cocaine
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      – SubjectFull: Drug addiction
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      – SubjectFull: Basal ganglia
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