Long-Term Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Risk of Incident Atrial Fibrillation: A Cohort Study.
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| Title: | Long-Term Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Risk of Incident Atrial Fibrillation: A Cohort Study. |
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| Authors: | Monrad, Maria1, Christensen, Jeppe Schultz1, Tjønneland, Anne1, Sorensen, Mette1, Raaschou-Nielsen, Oie1,2, Sajadieh, Ahmad3, Ketzel, Matthias2, Overvad, Kim4, Loft, Steffen5 |
| Source: | Environmental Health Perspectives. Mar2017, Vol. 125 Issue 3, p422-427. 6p. 2 Charts, 1 Graph. |
| Subject Terms: | *Air pollution, *Automobile emissions, Atrial fibrillation diagnosis, Atrial fibrillation risk factors, Nitrogen oxide analysis, Atrial fibrillation, Confidence intervals, Metropolitan areas, Questionnaires, Research funding, Residential patterns, Disease incidence, Proportional hazards models, Data analysis software, Descriptive statistics, Odds ratio |
| Geographic Terms: | Denmark |
| Abstract: | BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation is the most common sustained arrhythmia and is associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The few studies conducted on short-term effects of air pollution on episodes of atrial fibrillation indicate a positive association, though not consistently. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term impact of traffic-related air pollution on incidence of atrial fibrillation in the general population. METHODS: In the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health cohort of 57,053 people 50-64 years old at enrollment in 1993-1997, we identified 2,700 cases of first-ever hospital admission for atrial fibrillation from enrollment to end of follow-up in 2011. For all cohort members, exposure to traffic-related air pollution assessed as nitrogen dioxide (NO[sub 2]) and nitrogen oxides (NO[sub x]) was estimated at all present and past residential addresses from 1984 to 2011 using a validated dispersion model. We used Cox proportional hazard model to estimate associations between long-term residential exposure to NO[sub 2] and NO[sub x] and risk of atrial fibrillation, after adjusting for lifestyle and socioeconomic position. RESULTS: A 10 μg/m[sup 3] higher 10-year time-weighted mean exposure to NO[sub 2] preceding diagnosis was associated with an 8% higher risk of atrial fibrillation [incidence rate ratio: 1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01, 1.14] in adjusted analysis. Though weaker, similar results were obtained for long-term residential exposure to NO[sub x]. We found no clear tendencies regarding effect modification of the association between NO[sub 2] and atrial fibrillation by sex, smoking, hypertension or myocardial infarction. CONCLUSION: We found long-term residential traffic-related air pollution to be associated with higher risk of atrial fibrillation. Accordingly, the present findings lend further support to the demand for abatement of air pollution. CITATION: Monrad M, Sajadieh A, Christensen JS, Ketzel M, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Tjønneland A, Overvad K, Loft S, Sorensen M. 2017. Long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution and risk of incident atrial fibrillation: a cohort study. Environ Health Perspect 125:422-427; httD://dx.doi.onr/10.1289/EHP392 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | GreenFILE |
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| Abstract: | BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation is the most common sustained arrhythmia and is associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The few studies conducted on short-term effects of air pollution on episodes of atrial fibrillation indicate a positive association, though not consistently. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term impact of traffic-related air pollution on incidence of atrial fibrillation in the general population. METHODS: In the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health cohort of 57,053 people 50-64 years old at enrollment in 1993-1997, we identified 2,700 cases of first-ever hospital admission for atrial fibrillation from enrollment to end of follow-up in 2011. For all cohort members, exposure to traffic-related air pollution assessed as nitrogen dioxide (NO[sub 2]) and nitrogen oxides (NO[sub x]) was estimated at all present and past residential addresses from 1984 to 2011 using a validated dispersion model. We used Cox proportional hazard model to estimate associations between long-term residential exposure to NO[sub 2] and NO[sub x] and risk of atrial fibrillation, after adjusting for lifestyle and socioeconomic position. RESULTS: A 10 μg/m[sup 3] higher 10-year time-weighted mean exposure to NO[sub 2] preceding diagnosis was associated with an 8% higher risk of atrial fibrillation [incidence rate ratio: 1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01, 1.14] in adjusted analysis. Though weaker, similar results were obtained for long-term residential exposure to NO[sub x]. We found no clear tendencies regarding effect modification of the association between NO[sub 2] and atrial fibrillation by sex, smoking, hypertension or myocardial infarction. CONCLUSION: We found long-term residential traffic-related air pollution to be associated with higher risk of atrial fibrillation. Accordingly, the present findings lend further support to the demand for abatement of air pollution. CITATION: Monrad M, Sajadieh A, Christensen JS, Ketzel M, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Tjønneland A, Overvad K, Loft S, Sorensen M. 2017. Long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution and risk of incident atrial fibrillation: a cohort study. Environ Health Perspect 125:422-427; httD://dx.doi.onr/10.1289/EHP392 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| ISSN: | 00916765 |
| DOI: | 10.1289/EHP392 |
