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Compositional similarities and differences between transparent exopolymer particles (TEPs) from two marine bacteria and two marine algae: Significance to surface biofouling.

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Title: Compositional similarities and differences between transparent exopolymer particles (TEPs) from two marine bacteria and two marine algae: Significance to surface biofouling.
Authors: Li, S.1 shengli917@hotmail.com, Winters, H.1,2, Villacorte, L.O.3,4, Ekowati, Y.3, Emwas, Abdul-Hamid5, Kennedy, M.D.3, Amy, G.L.1,3
Source: Marine Chemistry. Aug2015, Vol. 174, p131-140. 10p.
Subjects: Marine bacteria, Marine algae, Fouling, Reverse osmosis, Chemical precursors
Abstract: Transparent-exopolymer-particles (TEPs) have been recently identified as a significant contributor to surface biofouling, such as on reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. TEP research has mainly focused on algal TEP/TEP precursors while limited investigations have been conducted on those released by bacteria. In this study, TEP/TEP precursors derived from both algae and bacteria were isolated and then characterized to investigate their similarities and/or differences using various advanced analytical techniques, thus providing a better understanding of their potential effect on biofouling. Bacterial TEP/TEP precursors were isolated from two species of marine bacteria ( Pseudidiomarina homiensis and Pseudoalteromonas atlantica ) while algal TEP/TEP precursors were isolated from two marine algae species ( Alexandrium tamarense and Chaetoceros affinis ). Results indicated that both isolated bacterial and algal TEP/TEP precursors were associated with protein-like materials, and most TEP precursors were high-molecular-weight biopolymers. Furthermore all investigated algal and bacterial TEP/TEP precursors showed a lectin-like property, which can enable them to act as a chemical conditioning layer and to agglutinate bacteria. This property may enhance surface biofouling. However, both proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra and the nitrogen/carbon (N/C) ratios suggested that the algal TEP/TEP precursors contained much less protein content than the bacterial TEP/TEP precursors. This difference may influence their initial deposition and further development of surface biofouling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Engineering Source
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Abstract:Transparent-exopolymer-particles (TEPs) have been recently identified as a significant contributor to surface biofouling, such as on reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. TEP research has mainly focused on algal TEP/TEP precursors while limited investigations have been conducted on those released by bacteria. In this study, TEP/TEP precursors derived from both algae and bacteria were isolated and then characterized to investigate their similarities and/or differences using various advanced analytical techniques, thus providing a better understanding of their potential effect on biofouling. Bacterial TEP/TEP precursors were isolated from two species of marine bacteria ( Pseudidiomarina homiensis and Pseudoalteromonas atlantica ) while algal TEP/TEP precursors were isolated from two marine algae species ( Alexandrium tamarense and Chaetoceros affinis ). Results indicated that both isolated bacterial and algal TEP/TEP precursors were associated with protein-like materials, and most TEP precursors were high-molecular-weight biopolymers. Furthermore all investigated algal and bacterial TEP/TEP precursors showed a lectin-like property, which can enable them to act as a chemical conditioning layer and to agglutinate bacteria. This property may enhance surface biofouling. However, both proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra and the nitrogen/carbon (N/C) ratios suggested that the algal TEP/TEP precursors contained much less protein content than the bacterial TEP/TEP precursors. This difference may influence their initial deposition and further development of surface biofouling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:03044203
DOI:10.1016/j.marchem.2015.06.009