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Theoretical study on the transition wavelengths and probabilities, Landé g J factors, and sensitivity to fundamental constants of Ge-like highly charged ions.

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Title: Theoretical study on the transition wavelengths and probabilities, Landé g J factors, and sensitivity to fundamental constants of Ge-like highly charged ions.
Authors: Wu, Cunqiang1 (AUTHOR), Ding, Xiaobin1,2,3 (AUTHOR) dingxb@nwnu.edu.cn, Dong, Chenzhong1,2,3 (AUTHOR)
Source: New Journal of Physics. Jun2025, Vol. 27 Issue 6, p1-13. 13p.
Subjects: Fine-structure constant, Atomic clocks, Energy levels (Quantum mechanics), Quantum electrodynamics, Ions, Hyperfine structure, Electron configuration
Abstract: The fully relativistic multi-configuration Dirac–Hartree–Fock method is employed to investigate the atomic properties of the ground configuration 4 p 2 of Ge-like highly charged ions (HCIs). These properties include energy levels, magnetic dipole ( M 1 ) and electric quadrupole ( E 2 ) transition wavelengths and probabilities, Landé g J factors, hyperfine structure constants, and other physical quantities relevant to clock transitions. The influence of electron correlation effects from different electronic shells on atomic properties is examined in detail using the active space method. The finite nuclear size effect, Breit interaction and quantum electrodynamics effect have also been appropriately considered. The computed results demonstrate excellent agreement with available experimental and theoretical data. Notably, our results reveal that the 3 d electron shells play a critical role in determine the energy, wave functions, and atomic properties of ions with low ionization degree. This implies that accounting for the considerable contribution of inner-shell electron in the calculations of such ions will improve the accuracy of theoretical modeling. Through an analysis on the properties of relevant ions, we find that the M 1 and E 2 transitions of selected HCIs exhibit suitable clock transition wavelengths, narrow natural linewidths, high quality factors, and high sensitivity to variations in the fine structure constant α. These ions hold significant potential for applications in the development of optical clocks and the investigation of potential variation of fine structure constant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Engineering Source
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Abstract:The fully relativistic multi-configuration Dirac–Hartree–Fock method is employed to investigate the atomic properties of the ground configuration 4 p 2 of Ge-like highly charged ions (HCIs). These properties include energy levels, magnetic dipole ( M 1 ) and electric quadrupole ( E 2 ) transition wavelengths and probabilities, Landé g J factors, hyperfine structure constants, and other physical quantities relevant to clock transitions. The influence of electron correlation effects from different electronic shells on atomic properties is examined in detail using the active space method. The finite nuclear size effect, Breit interaction and quantum electrodynamics effect have also been appropriately considered. The computed results demonstrate excellent agreement with available experimental and theoretical data. Notably, our results reveal that the 3 d electron shells play a critical role in determine the energy, wave functions, and atomic properties of ions with low ionization degree. This implies that accounting for the considerable contribution of inner-shell electron in the calculations of such ions will improve the accuracy of theoretical modeling. Through an analysis on the properties of relevant ions, we find that the M 1 and E 2 transitions of selected HCIs exhibit suitable clock transition wavelengths, narrow natural linewidths, high quality factors, and high sensitivity to variations in the fine structure constant α. These ions hold significant potential for applications in the development of optical clocks and the investigation of potential variation of fine structure constant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:13672630
DOI:10.1088/1367-2630/ade46e