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Electrochemical sensors for diagnosing liver fibrosis and biomarker research: the role of NK cell-derived exosomes.

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Title: Electrochemical sensors for diagnosing liver fibrosis and biomarker research: the role of NK cell-derived exosomes.
Authors: Jia, Rongrong1 (AUTHOR), Lu, Jiahuan1 (AUTHOR), Sun, Baining2 (AUTHOR), Ma, Jiali1 (AUTHOR) MJL2018@shtrhospital.com, Wang, Na1 (AUTHOR) WN1885@shtrhospital.com, Wen, Yanqin1,2 (AUTHOR) yqwen@sjtu.edu.cn
Source: Microchemical Journal. Feb2026, Vol. 221, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Electrochemical sensors, Hepatic fibrosis, Exosomes, Individualized medicine, Statistical reliability, Nanomedicine, Biomarkers, Liver diseases
Abstract: Hepatic fibrosis, caused by liver damage from various sources, involves excessive ECM deposition, disrupting liver function and leading to cirrhosis and liver failure. Liver transplantation is the only definitive treatment but is limited by donor shortages, surgical risks, and high costs. There is an urgent need for alternative therapies that can halt fibrosis and improve targeted drug delivery. Electrochemical biosensors offer high sensitivity, selectivity, and portability for point-of-care testing. They detect biomarkers like liver enzymes, inflammatory markers, and fibrosis-related molecules, enabling early detection and monitoring of liver fibrosis. Preclinical studies show that NK cell-derived exosomes loaded with Galunisertib effectively target fibrotic cells, reducing collagen deposition and improving outcomes. Combining these nanotherapeutics with electrochemical sensors creates a precision medicine approach. Sensors guide treatment and monitor therapy responses in real time, enhancing diagnostic accuracy and personalization. This integration has significant potential to improve clinical outcomes in chronic liver disease, offering a transformative solution for diagnosing and managing liver fibrosis. Exosome isolation and characterization. (A) Exosome markers Alix and CD9 detected by western blot. (B) Exosome morphology by transmission electron microscope. (C) Exosome size by dynamic light scattering. (D) NK-exo loading efficiency 26.17 % by HPLC. [Display omitted] • Liver transplantation is the only definitive treatment but is limited by donor shortages, surgical risks, and high costs. • NK cell-derived exosomes loaded with Galunisertib effectively target fibrotic cells. • Combining these nanotherapeutics with electrochemical sensors creates a precision medicine approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Engineering Source
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Abstract:Hepatic fibrosis, caused by liver damage from various sources, involves excessive ECM deposition, disrupting liver function and leading to cirrhosis and liver failure. Liver transplantation is the only definitive treatment but is limited by donor shortages, surgical risks, and high costs. There is an urgent need for alternative therapies that can halt fibrosis and improve targeted drug delivery. Electrochemical biosensors offer high sensitivity, selectivity, and portability for point-of-care testing. They detect biomarkers like liver enzymes, inflammatory markers, and fibrosis-related molecules, enabling early detection and monitoring of liver fibrosis. Preclinical studies show that NK cell-derived exosomes loaded with Galunisertib effectively target fibrotic cells, reducing collagen deposition and improving outcomes. Combining these nanotherapeutics with electrochemical sensors creates a precision medicine approach. Sensors guide treatment and monitor therapy responses in real time, enhancing diagnostic accuracy and personalization. This integration has significant potential to improve clinical outcomes in chronic liver disease, offering a transformative solution for diagnosing and managing liver fibrosis. Exosome isolation and characterization. (A) Exosome markers Alix and CD9 detected by western blot. (B) Exosome morphology by transmission electron microscope. (C) Exosome size by dynamic light scattering. (D) NK-exo loading efficiency 26.17 % by HPLC. [Display omitted] • Liver transplantation is the only definitive treatment but is limited by donor shortages, surgical risks, and high costs. • NK cell-derived exosomes loaded with Galunisertib effectively target fibrotic cells. • Combining these nanotherapeutics with electrochemical sensors creates a precision medicine approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:0026265X
DOI:10.1016/j.microc.2025.116791