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Impact of calcination temperature on physical and photoelectrochemical properties of Bi2O3 nanoparticles toward antibacterial and biosensor applications.

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Title: Impact of calcination temperature on physical and photoelectrochemical properties of Bi2O3 nanoparticles toward antibacterial and biosensor applications.
Authors: Habib, Mohamed A.1 (AUTHOR) mahabib@imamu.edu.sa, Abdelfatah, Mahmoud1,2,3 (AUTHOR) mahmoud.abdelfatah@sci.kfs.edu.eg, Goher, Nermeen2,3 (AUTHOR), Amer, Yassmin Atef4 (AUTHOR), El-Mohsnawy, Eithar4 (AUTHOR), Raza, Nadeem1 (AUTHOR), Mahmoud, K.R.2,3 (AUTHOR), Sun, Baoquan5,6 (AUTHOR), El-Shaer, Abdelhamid2,3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Ceramics International. Mar2026, Vol. 52 Issue 6, p7222-7236. 15p.
Subjects: Bismuth oxides, Antibacterial agents, Cytotoxins, Oxygen vacancy, Biosensors, Reactive oxygen species, Photoelectrochemistry
Abstract: Here we present the growth of Bi 2 O 3 nanoparticles by solution combustion technique then investigation effect of calcination temperature to determine ideal temperature for the highest antibacterial activity and biosensor applications. Many characterization methods were used to investigate characteristics of the fabricated samples. XRD displayed that β- and α-Bi 2 O 3 NPs have been formed with tetragonal and monoclinic crystal structure with particle size increases from 21 to 66 nm with rising of calcination temperature. XPS data displayed existence of Bi3+ and oxygen vacancies in the fabricated samples. Raman Spectra showed vibration modes of α-Bi 2 O 3 and β-Bi 2 O 3 NPs. SEM images proved that particles agglomerate for - and α-Bi 2 O 3 NPs with increasing calcination temperatures. TEM images displayed that average particle size was found to be 25 and 72 nm for samples calcined at 200 and 600 °C, respectively. UV–Vis data showed characteristic peaks of β- and α-Bi 2 O 3 NPs with gap energy decreasing from 2.95 to 2.74 eV. The carrier concentration for the fabricated samples decreased from 5.6 × 1019 cm−3 to 2.4 × 1019 cm−3 rendering to Mott-Schottky measurements. PL, PALS, EIS and the Mott-Schottky results show that the samples calcined at 200 and 600 °C have the highest oxygen vacancies/defects which enhances the ROS generation which leads to the death of gram-negative bacteria, E. coli. The chronoamperometry curves showed the fast response of fabricated electrodes with sensitivity of 0.11 and 0.02 μA mM−1 cm−2 for the Bi 2 O 3 NPs calcined at 200 and 600 °C, respectively. The synthesized Bi 2 O 3 nanoparticles exhibit moderate cytotoxicity in human WI-38 cells, with a CC 50 value of approximately 309 μg/ml. This indicates that they maintain high cell viability at low and intermediate concentrations, while a significant decrease in survival rates is observed at high doses (>250 μg/ml). Our results displayed the effectiveness of an alternative antibacterial agent (Bi 2 O 3) that can inhibit the growth of bacterial cells as well as is promising candidate for biomedical and biosensor applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Engineering Source
Description
Abstract:Here we present the growth of Bi 2 O 3 nanoparticles by solution combustion technique then investigation effect of calcination temperature to determine ideal temperature for the highest antibacterial activity and biosensor applications. Many characterization methods were used to investigate characteristics of the fabricated samples. XRD displayed that β- and α-Bi 2 O 3 NPs have been formed with tetragonal and monoclinic crystal structure with particle size increases from 21 to 66 nm with rising of calcination temperature. XPS data displayed existence of Bi3+ and oxygen vacancies in the fabricated samples. Raman Spectra showed vibration modes of α-Bi 2 O 3 and β-Bi 2 O 3 NPs. SEM images proved that particles agglomerate for - and α-Bi 2 O 3 NPs with increasing calcination temperatures. TEM images displayed that average particle size was found to be 25 and 72 nm for samples calcined at 200 and 600 °C, respectively. UV–Vis data showed characteristic peaks of β- and α-Bi 2 O 3 NPs with gap energy decreasing from 2.95 to 2.74 eV. The carrier concentration for the fabricated samples decreased from 5.6 × 1019 cm−3 to 2.4 × 1019 cm−3 rendering to Mott-Schottky measurements. PL, PALS, EIS and the Mott-Schottky results show that the samples calcined at 200 and 600 °C have the highest oxygen vacancies/defects which enhances the ROS generation which leads to the death of gram-negative bacteria, E. coli. The chronoamperometry curves showed the fast response of fabricated electrodes with sensitivity of 0.11 and 0.02 μA mM−1 cm−2 for the Bi 2 O 3 NPs calcined at 200 and 600 °C, respectively. The synthesized Bi 2 O 3 nanoparticles exhibit moderate cytotoxicity in human WI-38 cells, with a CC 50 value of approximately 309 μg/ml. This indicates that they maintain high cell viability at low and intermediate concentrations, while a significant decrease in survival rates is observed at high doses (>250 μg/ml). Our results displayed the effectiveness of an alternative antibacterial agent (Bi 2 O 3) that can inhibit the growth of bacterial cells as well as is promising candidate for biomedical and biosensor applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:02728842
DOI:10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.465