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Friction stir processing–induced microstructure refinement enhances corrosion resistance of ZE52 magnesium alloy in simulated physiological environment.

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Title: Friction stir processing–induced microstructure refinement enhances corrosion resistance of ZE52 magnesium alloy in simulated physiological environment.
Authors: Chen, Hou-Jen1 (AUTHOR), Gautam, Prakash Chandra1 (AUTHOR), Lin, Pi-Chen1 (AUTHOR), Wang, Chih-Kai2 (AUTHOR), Lin, Hsin-Chih1 (AUTHOR) hclinntu@ntu.edu.tw
Source: Journal of Alloys & Compounds. Mar2026, Vol. 1057, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Friction stir processing, Corrosion resistance, Grain refinement, Electrochemical experiments, Physiologic salines, Magnesium alloys, Bioabsorbable implants
Abstract: Magnesium (Mg) alloys are promising biodegradable orthopedic implants due to their bone-like mechanical properties and biocompatibility, but rapid degradation remains a major obstacle. In this study, friction stir processing (FSP) with different traverse speeds was applied to a ZE52 Mg alloy to tailor its microstructure and improve corrosion resistance in simulated body fluid (SBF). FSP refined coarse grains of the base material into fine equiaxed structures, fragmented and homogenized secondary phases, and increased the solid solubility of alloying elements in the α-Mg matrix. Electrochemical tests showed that the polarization resistance increased from 346.6 Ω·cm2 (BM) to 914.1 Ω·cm2 (FSP 1200–200), while the corrosion current density decreased by nearly one order of magnitude. Long-term immersion confirmed delayed pH rise and reduced corrosion depth. These results demonstrate that FSP is an effective strategy to enhance the corrosion performance of ZE52 Mg alloys, providing valuable insights for the development of biodegradable orthopedic implants. • FSP refines ZE52–2–3 µm equiaxed grains and homogenizes second phases. • Traverse speed 200 mm·min−1 yields highest R p (914 Ω·cm2) and lowest i corr. • RE solute re-solution suppresses W/Zn 2 Zr 3 , mitigating micro-galvanic attack. • XPS shows RE-oxide–enriched films (Y 2 O 3 , Nd 2 O 3 , Gd 2 O 3) stabilizing passivation. • 20-day SBF immersion shows delayed pH rise and reduced corrosion depth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Engineering Source
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Abstract:Magnesium (Mg) alloys are promising biodegradable orthopedic implants due to their bone-like mechanical properties and biocompatibility, but rapid degradation remains a major obstacle. In this study, friction stir processing (FSP) with different traverse speeds was applied to a ZE52 Mg alloy to tailor its microstructure and improve corrosion resistance in simulated body fluid (SBF). FSP refined coarse grains of the base material into fine equiaxed structures, fragmented and homogenized secondary phases, and increased the solid solubility of alloying elements in the α-Mg matrix. Electrochemical tests showed that the polarization resistance increased from 346.6 Ω·cm2 (BM) to 914.1 Ω·cm2 (FSP 1200–200), while the corrosion current density decreased by nearly one order of magnitude. Long-term immersion confirmed delayed pH rise and reduced corrosion depth. These results demonstrate that FSP is an effective strategy to enhance the corrosion performance of ZE52 Mg alloys, providing valuable insights for the development of biodegradable orthopedic implants. • FSP refines ZE52–2–3 µm equiaxed grains and homogenizes second phases. • Traverse speed 200 mm·min−1 yields highest R p (914 Ω·cm2) and lowest i corr. • RE solute re-solution suppresses W/Zn 2 Zr 3 , mitigating micro-galvanic attack. • XPS shows RE-oxide–enriched films (Y 2 O 3 , Nd 2 O 3 , Gd 2 O 3) stabilizing passivation. • 20-day SBF immersion shows delayed pH rise and reduced corrosion depth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:09258388
DOI:10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186706