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Heat transfer enhancement of radiator: a numerical and experimental study of tube orientation effects and nanofluids.

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Title: Heat transfer enhancement of radiator: a numerical and experimental study of tube orientation effects and nanofluids.
Authors: Gupta, Ram Mohan1,2 (AUTHOR), Painuly, Ayush3,4 (AUTHOR), Zainith, Prabhakar1,5 (AUTHOR), Mishra, Niraj Kumar1 (AUTHOR) nkm@nituk.ac.in, Yadav, Vinod Singh1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Thermal Analysis & Calorimetry. Feb2026, Vol. 151 Issue 3, p2701-2714. 14p.
Subjects: Radiators, Nanofluids, Empirical research, Numerical analysis, Thermal conductivity, Heat transfer
Abstract: The manuscript confines thermal performance of the radiator while it is associated with various orientations of its tubes. The research was executed by systematically altering the orientations of the radiator tubes. Existing literature review revealed that heat transfer rate for tube orientations has been inadequately explored. In this manuscript, dual-axis tube orientation was examined using nanofluid as a coolant. This study elucidated that radiator thermal performance factor was enhanced by modifying the degrees of orientation. The analytical model employed in this investigation was meticulously designed to reflect the actual dimensions of a standard car radiator. For analytical analysis base fluid of EG was supplemented with 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1% concentrations of Al2O3 nanofluid. Throughout the numerical analysis, it was discerned that optimal heat transfer was achieved at a tube inclination of 23 degrees. For experimental analysis, nanofluid with identical concentrations of 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1% was also utilized and prepared for assessment of the tubes. The empirical investigation encompassed both straight tubes and those inclined at 23 degrees, which demonstrated maximal heat transfer in the preceding numerical analysis. The findings indicate vent water coolant temperature experienced a reduction of 3 °C compared to the straight tube configuration. Furthermore, the results also demonstrated a decrease of 3.5 degrees in vent coolant temperature when employing a 1% concentration of the nanofluids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Engineering Source
Description
Abstract:The manuscript confines thermal performance of the radiator while it is associated with various orientations of its tubes. The research was executed by systematically altering the orientations of the radiator tubes. Existing literature review revealed that heat transfer rate for tube orientations has been inadequately explored. In this manuscript, dual-axis tube orientation was examined using nanofluid as a coolant. This study elucidated that radiator thermal performance factor was enhanced by modifying the degrees of orientation. The analytical model employed in this investigation was meticulously designed to reflect the actual dimensions of a standard car radiator. For analytical analysis base fluid of EG was supplemented with 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1% concentrations of Al2O3 nanofluid. Throughout the numerical analysis, it was discerned that optimal heat transfer was achieved at a tube inclination of 23 degrees. For experimental analysis, nanofluid with identical concentrations of 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1% was also utilized and prepared for assessment of the tubes. The empirical investigation encompassed both straight tubes and those inclined at 23 degrees, which demonstrated maximal heat transfer in the preceding numerical analysis. The findings indicate vent water coolant temperature experienced a reduction of 3 °C compared to the straight tube configuration. Furthermore, the results also demonstrated a decrease of 3.5 degrees in vent coolant temperature when employing a 1% concentration of the nanofluids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:13886150
DOI:10.1007/s10973-025-15277-3