Numerical and experimental study of the behavior of a polyamide during the ECAE process using a 105° die.

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Title:	Numerical and experimental study of the behavior of a polyamide during the ECAE process using a 105° die.
Authors:	Habib, Houari¹ houarihabib@yahoo.fr, Benaoumeur, Aour¹ benaoumeur.aour@enp-oran.dz, Salah, Ramtani² ramtani@univ-paris13.fr, Faycal, Benalia³ allfaycal@yahoo.fr, Salma, Barboura⁴ salma.barboura@univ-paris13.fr
Source:	Fracture & Structural Integrity. Apr2026, Issue 76, p238-264. 27p.
Subjects:	Polyamides, Manufacturing processes, Empirical research, Strain hardening, Stress-strain curves, Finite element method, Numerical analysis
Abstract:	This article presents a combined numerical and experimental investigation of the behavior of polyamide (PA 6.6) during the Equal Channel Angular Extrusion (ECAE) process using a 105° die. The study develops an elasto-viscoplastic constitutive model calibrated through compression tests at various strain rates and employs finite element analysis (FEA) to optimize die geometry, corner angles, friction conditions, and processing routes for improved strain homogeneity and mechanical performance. Experimental extrusion tests with one- and two-elbow (1-ECAE and 2-ECAE) dies confirm that the 2-ECAE configuration combined with Route C (180° sample rotation between passes) reduces sample warping and enhances strain uniformity compared to 1-ECAE. Hardness measurements indicate strain hardening increases with the number of passes, with Route A promoting continuous hardening and Route C yielding more stable mechanical properties. The findings highlight the critical influence of die design, friction control, and processing route on deformation behavior and mechanical strengthening of polyamide during ECAE, supporting its potential for industrial polymer processing. [Extracted from the article]
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Database:	Engineering Source

Description
Abstract:	This article presents a combined numerical and experimental investigation of the behavior of polyamide (PA 6.6) during the Equal Channel Angular Extrusion (ECAE) process using a 105° die. The study develops an elasto-viscoplastic constitutive model calibrated through compression tests at various strain rates and employs finite element analysis (FEA) to optimize die geometry, corner angles, friction conditions, and processing routes for improved strain homogeneity and mechanical performance. Experimental extrusion tests with one- and two-elbow (1-ECAE and 2-ECAE) dies confirm that the 2-ECAE configuration combined with Route C (180° sample rotation between passes) reduces sample warping and enhances strain uniformity compared to 1-ECAE. Hardness measurements indicate strain hardening increases with the number of passes, with Route A promoting continuous hardening and Route C yielding more stable mechanical properties. The findings highlight the critical influence of die design, friction control, and processing route on deformation behavior and mechanical strengthening of polyamide during ECAE, supporting its potential for industrial polymer processing. [Extracted from the article]
ISSN:	19718993
DOI:	10.3221/IGF-ESIS.76.15