Part-Whole Behavioral Specification and Composition of Internet of Things Systems: Applying Behavior-Driven Development with Problem Frames.

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Bibliographic Details
Title:	Part-Whole Behavioral Specification and Composition of Internet of Things Systems: Applying Behavior-Driven Development with Problem Frames.
Authors:	WANG, BING-YUN¹ t109599001@ntut.org.tw, YEN, YI-CHUN¹ t110599002@ntut.org.tw, KUN-CHE LI, CHE-HUNG TSAI¹ tl10598006@ntut.org.tw, CHENG, YU CHIN¹ yccheng@ntut.edu.tw
Source:	Journal of Information Science & Engineering. May2026, Vol. 42 Issue 3, p681-701. 21p.
Subjects:	Internet of things, Computer software development, Requirements engineering, Parallel processing
Abstract:	Behavior-driven development (BDD) is a new method that has increasingly attracted attention from the Internet of Things (IoT) research and development community. To contribute to the increasing adoption of BDD for IoT development, we propose a new method and a Gherkin language enhancement for building executable system behavioral specifications by reusing and composing the component scenarios already available. With the objectives of achieving maintainability and diagnosability, the new method applies the problem frames approach to obtain a problem diagram, which captures the part-whole relationship between the system and its components and the essential elements needed. A system scenario is modeled as a directed path in the problem diagram that readily translates into a script of the enhanced Gherkin. The system scenario acts as a co-routine alongside the given component scenarios at two levels. Executing a system scenario concurrently sets its component scenarios in motion, driving the components to produce the required behaviors that coalesce into the overall system behavior described by the system scenario. The proposed method is qualitatively demonstrated to balance modifiability with diagnosability better than the one-level scripting of the current Gherkin. The two-level scripting is supported by concurrent Spec, an embedded Gherkin tool in Python that supports the composition, execution, and reporting of the two-level executable specifications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database:	Engineering Source

Description
Abstract:	Behavior-driven development (BDD) is a new method that has increasingly attracted attention from the Internet of Things (IoT) research and development community. To contribute to the increasing adoption of BDD for IoT development, we propose a new method and a Gherkin language enhancement for building executable system behavioral specifications by reusing and composing the component scenarios already available. With the objectives of achieving maintainability and diagnosability, the new method applies the problem frames approach to obtain a problem diagram, which captures the part-whole relationship between the system and its components and the essential elements needed. A system scenario is modeled as a directed path in the problem diagram that readily translates into a script of the enhanced Gherkin. The system scenario acts as a co-routine alongside the given component scenarios at two levels. Executing a system scenario concurrently sets its component scenarios in motion, driving the components to produce the required behaviors that coalesce into the overall system behavior described by the system scenario. The proposed method is qualitatively demonstrated to balance modifiability with diagnosability better than the one-level scripting of the current Gherkin. The two-level scripting is supported by concurrent Spec, an embedded Gherkin tool in Python that supports the composition, execution, and reporting of the two-level executable specifications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:	10162364
DOI:	10.6688/JISE.202605_42(3).0012