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Achieving X8R specifications and enhanced anti-reduction in fine-grained BaTiO3: The multiple roles of chemical coating erbium.

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Title: Achieving X8R specifications and enhanced anti-reduction in fine-grained BaTiO3: The multiple roles of chemical coating erbium.
Authors: Ma, Yuanchao1,2,3,4 (AUTHOR), Li, Lingxia1,2,3,4 (AUTHOR) Li_ling_xia_tju@163.com, Cui, Binghao1,2,3,4 (AUTHOR), Huang, Kewen1,2,3,4 (AUTHOR), Du, Mingkun1,2,3,4 (AUTHOR) dmkun@tju.edu.cn
Source: Ceramics International. Jun2026:Part A, Vol. 52 Issue 15, p28510-28519. 10p.
Subjects: Barium titanate, Erbium compounds, Dielectric properties, Thermal stability, Nanostructured materials, Ceramic capacitors
Abstract: To address the demand for high-performance automotive electronics, this study develops Er3+-modified BaTiO 3 -based ceramics with a higher upper operating temperature (>125 °C), fine-grain, and anti-reduction properties for base metal electrode (BME) multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) utilizing a chemical coating process. The addition of Er3+ inhibits grain growth, promotes phase transition and hinders oxygen vacancy migration, significantly enhancing the temperature stability and insulation resistivity under a reducing atmosphere. At an optimal coated level of 0.03 mol, the ceramic achieves a fine-grain (195 nm) microstructure and meets the EIA X8R specifications (−55 °C to 150 °C, ΔC/C 25°C ≤ ±15%). The material demonstrates excellent properties, including a high dielectric constant (ε r ∼ 1705), low dielectric loss (tanδ ∼ 0.0054), and competitive insulation resistivity (ρ v ∼ 3.37 × 1012 Ω cm). These findings provide theoretical guidance for developing temperature-stable BME MLCCs with a single-layer thickness of only 1 μm or even less. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Engineering Source
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Abstract:To address the demand for high-performance automotive electronics, this study develops Er3+-modified BaTiO 3 -based ceramics with a higher upper operating temperature (>125 °C), fine-grain, and anti-reduction properties for base metal electrode (BME) multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) utilizing a chemical coating process. The addition of Er3+ inhibits grain growth, promotes phase transition and hinders oxygen vacancy migration, significantly enhancing the temperature stability and insulation resistivity under a reducing atmosphere. At an optimal coated level of 0.03 mol, the ceramic achieves a fine-grain (195 nm) microstructure and meets the EIA X8R specifications (−55 °C to 150 °C, ΔC/C 25°C ≤ ±15%). The material demonstrates excellent properties, including a high dielectric constant (ε r ∼ 1705), low dielectric loss (tanδ ∼ 0.0054), and competitive insulation resistivity (ρ v ∼ 3.37 × 1012 Ω cm). These findings provide theoretical guidance for developing temperature-stable BME MLCCs with a single-layer thickness of only 1 μm or even less. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:02728842
DOI:10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.04.381