GENDERED ACTIVISM: THE ANTI FRANCOIST STUDENT MOVEMENT IN THE UNIVERSITY OF GRANADA IN THE 1960S AND 1970S.
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| Title: | GENDERED ACTIVISM: THE ANTI FRANCOIST STUDENT MOVEMENT IN THE UNIVERSITY OF GRANADA IN THE 1960S AND 1970S. |
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| Alternate Title: | Activismo y relaciones de género: El movimiento estudiantil anti-franquista en la universidad de Granada en los años 60 y 70. Activisme et relations de genre: le mouvement des étudiants anti-franquistes à l'université de Grenade dans les années 60 et 70. |
| Authors: | Morcillo, Aurora1 |
| Source: | Encounters in Theory & History of Education / Rencontres en Theorie et Histoire de l'Educacion. Fall2018, Issue 19, p90-110. 21p. |
| Subject Terms: | *Student activism, Feminism, Tourism, Humanities |
| Company/Entity: | Universidad de Granada |
| Abstract (English): | This article focuses on the repression of the student movement in the University of Granada during the state of exception of 1970. It relates the experiences of two students, Socorro and Jesus, a couple who joined the Communist Party of Spain (PCE) and suffered persecution and imprisonment. The Francoist university was governed by the University Regulatory Law (URL, University Regulatory Law) issued in 1943, which was replaced with the promulgation of the General Law of Education in 1970. As I explained in my previous work, the Catholic national rhetoric of the Franco regime forged an ideal "True Catholic Woman" based on the resurgence of the values of purity and subordination of the 16th century counter reform as proposed by Luis Vives in The Instruction of the Christian Woman (1523) and Fray Luis de León in The Perfect Wife (1583). This ideal of a woman came to contradict the ideal of an intellectual built on the letter of the Ley de Ordenación Universitaria (1943). The transition to the consumer economy in the 1950s with the military and economic aid of the United States, as well as the social Catholicism of the Second Vatican Council in the sixties along with the arrival of tourism and emigration to Europe changed the social fabric and opened the doors of the classrooms to an increasing number of women, especially in the humanities careers of Philosophy and Letters. Through the analysis of interviews conducted in the late 1980s with two people who participated in the clandestine student movement, this article explores how young people transgressed the official discourse on the Catholic ideal of women, claimed the university environment for the working class and created a neutral space in terms of gender in which they could achieve their commitment to study, democratic freedom and feminism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Abstract (Spanish): | Este artículo se centra en la represión del movimiento estudiantil en la Universidad de Granada durante el estado de excepción de 1970. Relata las experiencias de dos estudiantes, Socorro y Jesús, una pareja que se afilió al Partido Comunista de España (PCE) y sufrió persecución y encarcelamiento. La universidad franquista fue gobernada por la Ley de Ordenación Universitaria emitida en 1943, que fue reemplazada con la promulgación de la Ley General de Educación en 1970. Como he explicado en mi trabajo anterior, la retórica nacional católica del franquista forjó un ideal "Mujer Católica Verdadera" basado en el resurgimiento de los valores de pureza y subordinación de la contrarreforma del siglo XVI como propusiera Luis Vives en La instrucción de la mujer cristiana de (1523) y Fray Luis de León en La perfecta casada (1583). Este ideal de mujer venia a contradecir al ideal de intelectual construido en la letra de la Ley de Ordenación Universitaria (1943). La transición a la economía de consumo en los años 1950 con la ayuda militar y económica de los Estados Unidos, así como el catolicismo social del Concilio Vaticano II en los sesenta con la llegada del turismo y la emigración a Europa cambiaron el tejido social y abrieron las puertas de las aulas a un número cada vez mayor de mujeres, especialmente en las carreras de humanidades de Filosofía y Letras. A través del análisis de entrevistas realizadas a fines de la década de 1980 con dos personas que participaron en el movimiento estudiantil clandestino, este artículo explora cómo los jóvenes transgredieron el discurso oficial sobre el ideal católico de mujer, reclamaron el ámbito universitario para la clase obrera y crearon un espacio neutral en cuanto al género en el que pudieran lograr su compromiso con el estudio, la libertad democrática y el feminismo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Abstract (French): | Cet article porte sur la répression du mouvement étudiant à l'Université de Grenade pendant l'état d'exception de 1970. Il relate les expériences de deux étudiants, Socorro et Jesus, un couple qui a rejoint le Parti Communiste Espagnol (PCE) et qui a été persécuté et l'emprisonnement. L'université franquiste était régie par la Loi sur la réglementation des universités (LRU), promulguée en 1943, qui a été remplacée par la promulgation de la Loi générale sur l'éducation en 1970. Comme je l'ai expliqué dans mes précédents travaux, la rhétorique nationale Franco a forgé un idéal d'une "vraie femme catholique" fondé sur la résurgence des valeurs de pureté et de subordination de la contre-réforme du XVIe siècle, proposé par Luis Vives dans L'Instruction de la femme chrétienne de (1523) et Fray Luis de León dans Le parfait marié (1583). Cet idéal de femme en est venu à contredire l'idéal d'un intellectuel construit sur la lettre du Ley de Ordenación Universitaria (1943). La transition vers l'économie de consommation dans les années 1950 avec l'aide militaire et économique des États-Unis, ainsi que le catholicisme social du Concile Vatican II dans les années 1960 avec l'arrivée du tourisme et l'émigration vers l'Europe ont modifié le tissu social et ouvert les portes des salles de classe à un nombre croissant de femmes, en particulier dans les carrières des sciences humaines de la philosophie (philosophie et lettres). À travers l'analyse d'entretiens menés à la fin des années 1980 avec deux personnes ayant participé au mouvement étudiant clandestin, cet article explore la manière dont les jeunes ont transgressé le discours officiel sur l'idéal catholique des femmes et ont revendiqué l'environnement universitaire pour la classe ouvrière et ils ont créé un espace neutre en termes de genre dans lequel ils pourraient concrétiser leur engagement en matière d'étude, de liberté démocratique et de féminisme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Education Research Complete |
| Abstract: | This article focuses on the repression of the student movement in the University of Granada during the state of exception of 1970. It relates the experiences of two students, Socorro and Jesus, a couple who joined the Communist Party of Spain (PCE) and suffered persecution and imprisonment. The Francoist university was governed by the University Regulatory Law (URL, University Regulatory Law) issued in 1943, which was replaced with the promulgation of the General Law of Education in 1970. As I explained in my previous work, the Catholic national rhetoric of the Franco regime forged an ideal "True Catholic Woman" based on the resurgence of the values of purity and subordination of the 16th century counter reform as proposed by Luis Vives in The Instruction of the Christian Woman (1523) and Fray Luis de León in The Perfect Wife (1583). This ideal of a woman came to contradict the ideal of an intellectual built on the letter of the Ley de Ordenación Universitaria (1943). The transition to the consumer economy in the 1950s with the military and economic aid of the United States, as well as the social Catholicism of the Second Vatican Council in the sixties along with the arrival of tourism and emigration to Europe changed the social fabric and opened the doors of the classrooms to an increasing number of women, especially in the humanities careers of Philosophy and Letters. Through the analysis of interviews conducted in the late 1980s with two people who participated in the clandestine student movement, this article explores how young people transgressed the official discourse on the Catholic ideal of women, claimed the university environment for the working class and created a neutral space in terms of gender in which they could achieve their commitment to study, democratic freedom and feminism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| ISSN: | 25608371 |
| DOI: | 10.24908/eoe-ese-rse.v19i0.11924 |
