Implementation of distance outdoor education in pre-service teacher education by using mobile interaction.

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Title: Implementation of distance outdoor education in pre-service teacher education by using mobile interaction.
Authors: Kaasinen, Arja1 (AUTHOR) arja.kaasinen@helsinki.fi, Kervinen, Anttoni2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Environmental Education Research. Jan2026, Vol. 32 Issue 1, p211-231. 21p.
Subject Terms: *Outdoor education, *Distance education, *Teacher educators, *Student teachers, *Experiential learning, *Environmental education, Mobile communication systems, Identification of animals
Abstract: Implementing outdoor education and plant species identification in environmental education and biology teaching is considered challenging by teachers, and even more challenging when face-to-face teaching is not possible. This study investigates how pre-service teachers' outdoor education, particularly species identification, can be supported in a distance learning setting, where pre-service teachers and teacher educators used a mobile messaging application for interaction. Altogether, 74 pre-service teachers and two teacher educators participated in the study. Data from mobile messages and questionnaires was used to investigate their use of and experiences with mobile interaction. The findings reveal that mobile interaction enhanced the distant outdoor learning experience in three important ways: (a) by providing timely pedagogical support for species identification, (b) by strengthening a sense of community, even when working independently, and (c) by allowing individual experiential learning and observation of nature at one's own pace. The findings have implications for the provision of outdoor education in distance teaching settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Abstract:Implementing outdoor education and plant species identification in environmental education and biology teaching is considered challenging by teachers, and even more challenging when face-to-face teaching is not possible. This study investigates how pre-service teachers' outdoor education, particularly species identification, can be supported in a distance learning setting, where pre-service teachers and teacher educators used a mobile messaging application for interaction. Altogether, 74 pre-service teachers and two teacher educators participated in the study. Data from mobile messages and questionnaires was used to investigate their use of and experiences with mobile interaction. The findings reveal that mobile interaction enhanced the distant outdoor learning experience in three important ways: (a) by providing timely pedagogical support for species identification, (b) by strengthening a sense of community, even when working independently, and (c) by allowing individual experiential learning and observation of nature at one's own pace. The findings have implications for the provision of outdoor education in distance teaching settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:13504622
DOI:10.1080/13504622.2025.2512969