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Potential Risk Assessment of Trace Metals Contamination in the Food Chain of Animals Within the Sargodha District of Punjab, Pakistan.

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Title: Potential Risk Assessment of Trace Metals Contamination in the Food Chain of Animals Within the Sargodha District of Punjab, Pakistan.
Authors: Ali, Jamshed1 (AUTHOR) jamshed.raeesi@salu.edu.pk, Khan, Zafar I.2 (AUTHOR), Monzoor, Maloofa2 (AUTHOR), Jatoi, Wahid B.1 (AUTHOR), Jakhrani, Mushtaque A.1 (AUTHOR), Ahmad, Kafeel2 (AUTHOR), Ullah, Saif2 (AUTHOR), Waris, Muhammad3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology. Mar2026, Vol. 116 Issue 3, p1-14. 14p.
Subject Terms: *Copper, *Zinc, *Environmental impact analysis, *Bioaccumulation, *Food chains, *Provinces, *Pollution
Geographic Terms: Pakistan, Punjab (Pakistan)
Abstract: Assessment of trace metals copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in irrigation water, agricultural soil, various fodders, and animal wool is essential to determine the environmental impact on human health. Samples were collected from Manke Wala, Wegowal, and Jahanabad of the Shahpur tehsil in Sargodha district of Punjab, Pakistan. Wet-assisted acid digestion method was used for the digestion of the solid sample before analysis by Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. The certified reference materials and the standard addition method were used to validate the analysis. Concentration of Cu in irrigation water, agricultural soil, various fodders, and animal wool were found in the range of 1.23–3.66 mg L−1, 25.3–46.3 mg kg−1, 7.26–19.3 mg kg−1, and 4.58–10.3 mg kg−1, respectively. For Zn, the concentrations ranged from 1.35–5.58 mg L−1, 29.4–44.3 mg kg−1, 1.27–9.38 mg kg−1, and 0.08–1.13 mg kg−1, respectively. Notably, the observed Cu and Zn concentrations were lower than the WHO-recommended values, except for Cu in fodders. The pollution load index for Cu and Zn ranged from 0.01–2.41 and 0.7–1.0, respectively, exceeding permissible limits. The bio-concentration factor values for Cu and Zn in various fodder samples were in the range of 0.20–0.45 and 0.03–0.18, respectively. Most health index parameters were found to be below 1.0, except for PLI, indicating potential pollution concerns. The study found positive significant correlations between agricultural soil-fodder and fodder-wool samples in the studied locations. Further investigations are recommended to study the distribution of trace metals in agricultural soil and their bioaccumulation in the food chain of animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Database: Energy & Power Source
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Header DbId: enr
DbLabel: Energy & Power Source
An: 191806957
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Potential Risk Assessment of Trace Metals Contamination in the Food Chain of Animals Within the Sargodha District of Punjab, Pakistan.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ali%2C+Jamshed%22">Ali, Jamshed</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> jamshed.raeesi@salu.edu.pk</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Khan%2C+Zafar+I%2E%22">Khan, Zafar I.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Monzoor%2C+Maloofa%22">Monzoor, Maloofa</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jatoi%2C+Wahid+B%2E%22">Jatoi, Wahid B.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jakhrani%2C+Mushtaque+A%2E%22">Jakhrani, Mushtaque A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ahmad%2C+Kafeel%22">Ahmad, Kafeel</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ullah%2C+Saif%22">Ullah, Saif</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Waris%2C+Muhammad%22">Waris, Muhammad</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+%26+Toxicology%22">Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology</searchLink>. Mar2026, Vol. 116 Issue 3, p1-14. 14p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subject Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Copper%22">Copper</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Zinc%22">Zinc</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Environmental+impact+analysis%22">Environmental impact analysis</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bioaccumulation%22">Bioaccumulation</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Food+chains%22">Food chains</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Provinces%22">Provinces</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pollution%22">Pollution</searchLink>
– Name: SubjectGeographic
  Label: Geographic Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pakistan%22">Pakistan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Punjab+%28Pakistan%29%22">Punjab (Pakistan)</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Assessment of trace metals copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in irrigation water, agricultural soil, various fodders, and animal wool is essential to determine the environmental impact on human health. Samples were collected from Manke Wala, Wegowal, and Jahanabad of the Shahpur tehsil in Sargodha district of Punjab, Pakistan. Wet-assisted acid digestion method was used for the digestion of the solid sample before analysis by Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. The certified reference materials and the standard addition method were used to validate the analysis. Concentration of Cu in irrigation water, agricultural soil, various fodders, and animal wool were found in the range of 1.23–3.66 mg L−1, 25.3–46.3 mg kg−1, 7.26–19.3 mg kg−1, and 4.58–10.3 mg kg−1, respectively. For Zn, the concentrations ranged from 1.35–5.58 mg L−1, 29.4–44.3 mg kg−1, 1.27–9.38 mg kg−1, and 0.08–1.13 mg kg−1, respectively. Notably, the observed Cu and Zn concentrations were lower than the WHO-recommended values, except for Cu in fodders. The pollution load index for Cu and Zn ranged from 0.01–2.41 and 0.7–1.0, respectively, exceeding permissible limits. The bio-concentration factor values for Cu and Zn in various fodder samples were in the range of 0.20–0.45 and 0.03–0.18, respectively. Most health index parameters were found to be below 1.0, except for PLI, indicating potential pollution concerns. The study found positive significant correlations between agricultural soil-fodder and fodder-wool samples in the studied locations. Further investigations are recommended to study the distribution of trace metals in agricultural soil and their bioaccumulation in the food chain of animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s00128-026-04199-x
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 14
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Copper
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Zinc
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Environmental impact analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Bioaccumulation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Food chains
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Provinces
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pollution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pakistan
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Punjab (Pakistan)
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Potential Risk Assessment of Trace Metals Contamination in the Food Chain of Animals Within the Sargodha District of Punjab, Pakistan.
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            NameFull: Ali, Jamshed
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            NameFull: Khan, Zafar I.
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            NameFull: Monzoor, Maloofa
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            NameFull: Jatoi, Wahid B.
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            NameFull: Jakhrani, Mushtaque A.
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            NameFull: Ahmad, Kafeel
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            NameFull: Ullah, Saif
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            – D: 01
              M: 03
              Text: Mar2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
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              Value: 00074861
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              Value: 116
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            – TitleFull: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology
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