Overcoming the HHV–Energy Recovery Tradeoff in Hydrothermal Carbonization of Water Hyacinth via Co-Biomass Selection and Citric Acid Catalysis.
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| Title: | Overcoming the HHV–Energy Recovery Tradeoff in Hydrothermal Carbonization of Water Hyacinth via Co-Biomass Selection and Citric Acid Catalysis. |
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| Authors: | Wutisirirattanachai, Tassapak1 (AUTHOR) tassapak.wu@gmail.com, Kohira, Yudai1,2 (AUTHOR), Lewoyehu, Mekuanint1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Fentie, Desalew3,4 (AUTHOR), Bhatia, Pranshu4,5 (AUTHOR), Fujiwara, Masaaki5,6 (AUTHOR), Addisu, Solomon1,6 (AUTHOR), Sato, Shinjiro1,2 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Energies (19961073). Jun2026, Vol. 19 Issue 11, p2541. 18p. |
| Subject Terms: | *Hydrothermal carbonization, *Water hyacinth, *Heat of combustion, *First law of thermodynamics, *Waste products as fuel, *Biomass production, *Catalysis |
| Abstract: | Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of wet biomass faces a fundamental tradeoff between higher heating value (HHV) and energy recovery (ER), where conditions that enhance carbon densification often reduce solid-phase energy retention. This study investigates whether co-biomass selection combined with citric acid (CA) catalysis can overcome this tradeoff in HTC of water hyacinth (WH), an invasive aquatic feedstock. WH was co-processed with wheat straw (WS), rice husk (RH), and chicken manure (CM) at 240–270 °C, with CA-assisted experiments performed at 240 °C. Individual feedstock HTC confirmed the HHV–ER tradeoff, and co-HTC without catalysis failed to resolve it. CA addition improved carbon densification but reduced ER when applied to WH alone. The WH–CM–CA system uniquely achieved a concurrent HHV of 21.3 MJ kg−1 and ER of 95.8%, with synergistic effects of 50.0% and 29.7%, respectively. FTIR and elemental analysis indicated that Maillard-type condensation between WH-derived sugars and CM-derived amino acids drove preferential solid-phase carbon retention. These findings demonstrate that resolving the HHV–ER tradeoff requires coupling CA catalysis with biochemical complementarity between carbohydrate-rich and protein-rich feedstocks. This approach provides a practical route for hydrochar production with high energy density and recovery for waste-to-energy applications, supporting circular and low-carbon valorization of invasive aquatic biomass and livestock waste streams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Database: | Energy & Power Source |
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| Abstract: | Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of wet biomass faces a fundamental tradeoff between higher heating value (HHV) and energy recovery (ER), where conditions that enhance carbon densification often reduce solid-phase energy retention. This study investigates whether co-biomass selection combined with citric acid (CA) catalysis can overcome this tradeoff in HTC of water hyacinth (WH), an invasive aquatic feedstock. WH was co-processed with wheat straw (WS), rice husk (RH), and chicken manure (CM) at 240–270 °C, with CA-assisted experiments performed at 240 °C. Individual feedstock HTC confirmed the HHV–ER tradeoff, and co-HTC without catalysis failed to resolve it. CA addition improved carbon densification but reduced ER when applied to WH alone. The WH–CM–CA system uniquely achieved a concurrent HHV of 21.3 MJ kg−1 and ER of 95.8%, with synergistic effects of 50.0% and 29.7%, respectively. FTIR and elemental analysis indicated that Maillard-type condensation between WH-derived sugars and CM-derived amino acids drove preferential solid-phase carbon retention. These findings demonstrate that resolving the HHV–ER tradeoff requires coupling CA catalysis with biochemical complementarity between carbohydrate-rich and protein-rich feedstocks. This approach provides a practical route for hydrochar production with high energy density and recovery for waste-to-energy applications, supporting circular and low-carbon valorization of invasive aquatic biomass and livestock waste streams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| ISSN: | 19961073 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/en19112541 |
