Can Whole-Body Tracing and Hand Tracing Make Any Difference? Experimental Evidence of Learning Outcomes, Cognitive Load, and Intrinsic Motivation on University Students
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| Title: | Can Whole-Body Tracing and Hand Tracing Make Any Difference? Experimental Evidence of Learning Outcomes, Cognitive Load, and Intrinsic Motivation on University Students |
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| Language: | English |
| Authors: | Genmei Zuo, Lijia Lin (ORCID |
| Source: | Instructional Science: An International Journal of the Learning Sciences. 2025 53(1):1-25. |
| Availability: | Springer. Available from: Springer Nature. One New York Plaza, Suite 4600, New York, NY 10004. Tel: 800-777-4643; Tel: 212-460-1500; Fax: 212-460-1700; e-mail: customerservice@springernature.com; Web site: https://link.springer.com/ |
| Peer Reviewed: | Y |
| Page Count: | 25 |
| Publication Date: | 2025 |
| Document Type: | Journal Articles Reports - Research |
| Education Level: | Higher Education Postsecondary Education |
| Descriptors: | Freehand Drawing, Human Body, Kinesthetic Perception, Adults, Cognitive Processes, Difficulty Level, Kinesthetic Methods, Self Evaluation (Individuals), Epistemology, Learner Engagement, College Students, Student Motivation, Academic Achievement |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s11251-024-09664-w |
| ISSN: | 0020-4277 1573-1952 |
| Abstract: | The purpose of the study was to investigate (a) whether the effects of hand tracing and whole-body tracing reported in the literature could be extended to adults, and (b) the relative superiority of whole-body tracing over hand tracing. Two experiments were conducted to investigate the potential effects of these two kinesthetic approaches on learning outcomes, cognitive load, and intrinsic motivation. The results of Experiment 1 revealed that hand tracing enhanced germane load contingent upon a low-to-medium level of perceived difficulty. This effect disappeared in Experiment 2 where additional measures were taken to improve treatment fidelity. The findings of Experiment 2 revealed the beneficial effects of whole-body tracing on germane load, extraneous load, interest, and self-monitoring, some of which were dependent upon learners' perceived difficulty and invested effort. These findings, along with implications, limitations, and future research directions, were discussed within the framework of cognitive load theory and embodied cognition theory. |
| Abstractor: | As Provided |
| Entry Date: | 2025 |
| Accession Number: | EJ1460930 |
| Database: | ERIC |
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| Abstract: | The purpose of the study was to investigate (a) whether the effects of hand tracing and whole-body tracing reported in the literature could be extended to adults, and (b) the relative superiority of whole-body tracing over hand tracing. Two experiments were conducted to investigate the potential effects of these two kinesthetic approaches on learning outcomes, cognitive load, and intrinsic motivation. The results of Experiment 1 revealed that hand tracing enhanced germane load contingent upon a low-to-medium level of perceived difficulty. This effect disappeared in Experiment 2 where additional measures were taken to improve treatment fidelity. The findings of Experiment 2 revealed the beneficial effects of whole-body tracing on germane load, extraneous load, interest, and self-monitoring, some of which were dependent upon learners' perceived difficulty and invested effort. These findings, along with implications, limitations, and future research directions, were discussed within the framework of cognitive load theory and embodied cognition theory. |
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| ISSN: | 0020-4277 1573-1952 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s11251-024-09664-w |
