What Exactly Is the Productive Struggle? Lessons Learned from a Content Analysis of the Mathematics Education Literature
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| Title: | What Exactly Is the Productive Struggle? Lessons Learned from a Content Analysis of the Mathematics Education Literature |
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| Language: | English |
| Authors: | Jamaal R. Young (ORCID |
| Source: | International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology. 2025 13(5):1040-1063. |
| Availability: | International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology. Necmettin Erbakan University, Ahmet Kelesoglu Education Faculty, Meram, Konya, 42090, Turkey. e-mail: ijermst@gmail.com; Web site: https://www.ijemst.net/index.php/ijemst/index |
| Peer Reviewed: | Y |
| Page Count: | 25 |
| Publication Date: | 2025 |
| Document Type: | Journal Articles Reports - Research |
| Descriptors: | Problem Solving, Persistence, Mathematics Education, Educational Research, Definitions, Cognitive Processes, Difficulty Level, Student Centered Learning, Learner Engagement, Creativity |
| ISSN: | 2147-611X |
| Abstract: | Productive struggle (PS) has emerged as a critical construct in mathematics education, emphasizing the importance of persistence, cognitive engagement, and conceptual understanding in problem-solving. However, inconsistencies in its conceptual and operational definitions have hindered its effective implementation and assessment. This study conducted a content analysis of mathematics education literature to examine how PS is defined and operationalized. Findings reveal that while cognitive demand, deeper understanding, and effortful engagement are consistently emphasized, other critical characteristics--such as ingenuity, mathematical relationships, and student-centered learning--are less frequently addressed. Based on these findings, we propose a comprehensive conceptual definition of PS: an effortful, student-centered process involving cognitively demanding tasks that require persistence, ingenuity, and deeper mathematical understanding. Additionally, we identify observable and measurable classroom indicators to support the structured implementation and assessment of PS. By aligning research, teacher training, and instructional practices with this refined conceptualization, this study provides a foundation for enhancing mathematical problem-solving, resilience, and critical thinking in students. Implications for mathematics educators, researchers, and curriculum developers are discussed. |
| Abstractor: | As Provided |
| Entry Date: | 2025 |
| Accession Number: | EJ1486877 |
| Database: | ERIC |
| Abstract: | Productive struggle (PS) has emerged as a critical construct in mathematics education, emphasizing the importance of persistence, cognitive engagement, and conceptual understanding in problem-solving. However, inconsistencies in its conceptual and operational definitions have hindered its effective implementation and assessment. This study conducted a content analysis of mathematics education literature to examine how PS is defined and operationalized. Findings reveal that while cognitive demand, deeper understanding, and effortful engagement are consistently emphasized, other critical characteristics--such as ingenuity, mathematical relationships, and student-centered learning--are less frequently addressed. Based on these findings, we propose a comprehensive conceptual definition of PS: an effortful, student-centered process involving cognitively demanding tasks that require persistence, ingenuity, and deeper mathematical understanding. Additionally, we identify observable and measurable classroom indicators to support the structured implementation and assessment of PS. By aligning research, teacher training, and instructional practices with this refined conceptualization, this study provides a foundation for enhancing mathematical problem-solving, resilience, and critical thinking in students. Implications for mathematics educators, researchers, and curriculum developers are discussed. |
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| ISSN: | 2147-611X |
