The Role of Neighborhood and Parenting in the Development of Effortful Control during Early Childhood
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| Title: | The Role of Neighborhood and Parenting in the Development of Effortful Control during Early Childhood |
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| Language: | English |
| Authors: | Edna Y. Romero (ORCID |
| Source: | Child & Youth Care Forum. 2026 55(1):247-265. |
| Availability: | Springer. Available from: Springer Nature. One New York Plaza, Suite 4600, New York, NY 10004. Tel: 800-777-4643; Tel: 212-460-1500; Fax: 212-460-1700; e-mail: customerservice@springernature.com; Web site: https://link.springer.com/ |
| Peer Reviewed: | Y |
| Page Count: | 19 |
| Publication Date: | 2026 |
| Sponsoring Agency: | National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) (DHHS/NIH) |
| Contract Number: | RO1MH063665 |
| Document Type: | Journal Articles Reports - Research |
| Descriptors: | Neighborhoods, Child Rearing, Parenting Styles, Self Control, Predictor Variables, Parent Role, Quality of Life, Preschool Children, Context Effect |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s10566-025-09868-2 |
| ISSN: | 1053-1890 1573-3319 |
| Abstract: | Background: Effortful control (EC) is a self-regulatory ability that is linked to many individual child outcomes and is influenced by ecological variables (e.g., family, parenting). The influence of neighborhood-level variables has not been thoroughly examined. Objective: The present study examined poorer neighborhood quality as a predictor of EC development, and the moderating role of parenting in relation to poor neighborhood quality and EC development. Method: Latent growth curve modeling analyses were used to assess changes in EC across time in a community sample (N = 796) of 4 year-olds. Subsequent analyses were run to determine the impact of neighborhood quality and the moderating role of parenting in relation to EC development. Results: Analyses indicated that children experienced steady and significant improvements in EC across ages 4, 5, and 6. Independent of socioeconomic status, poorer neighborhood quality significantly predicted age 4 EC level and the growth in EC from ages 4 to 6. Hostile parenting emerged as a significant moderator of the relationship between poorer neighborhood quality and age 4 EC level. Conclusions: This study underscores the importance of examining neighborhood context in relation to individual child outcomes. |
| Abstractor: | As Provided |
| Entry Date: | 2026 |
| Accession Number: | EJ1505865 |
| Database: | ERIC |
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| Abstract: | Background: Effortful control (EC) is a self-regulatory ability that is linked to many individual child outcomes and is influenced by ecological variables (e.g., family, parenting). The influence of neighborhood-level variables has not been thoroughly examined. Objective: The present study examined poorer neighborhood quality as a predictor of EC development, and the moderating role of parenting in relation to poor neighborhood quality and EC development. Method: Latent growth curve modeling analyses were used to assess changes in EC across time in a community sample (N = 796) of 4 year-olds. Subsequent analyses were run to determine the impact of neighborhood quality and the moderating role of parenting in relation to EC development. Results: Analyses indicated that children experienced steady and significant improvements in EC across ages 4, 5, and 6. Independent of socioeconomic status, poorer neighborhood quality significantly predicted age 4 EC level and the growth in EC from ages 4 to 6. Hostile parenting emerged as a significant moderator of the relationship between poorer neighborhood quality and age 4 EC level. Conclusions: This study underscores the importance of examining neighborhood context in relation to individual child outcomes. |
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| ISSN: | 1053-1890 1573-3319 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s10566-025-09868-2 |
