Outcomes of Teachers' Responses to General and Stigma-Based Bullying: A Systematic Review

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Bibliographic Details
Title: Outcomes of Teachers' Responses to General and Stigma-Based Bullying: A Systematic Review
Language: English
Authors: Laura Rodríguez-Pérez (ORCID 0009-0003-8772-035X), Daniel Santos-Carrasco (ORCID 0000-0003-1066-193X), Maria Rosaria Nappa (ORCID 0000-0003-3292-5844), Noelia Muñoz-Fernández (ORCID 0000-0002-1435-8404)
Source: Social Psychology of Education: An International Journal. 2026 29(1).
Availability: Springer. Available from: Springer Nature. One New York Plaza, Suite 4600, New York, NY 10004. Tel: 800-777-4643; Tel: 212-460-1500; Fax: 212-460-1700; e-mail: customerservice@springernature.com; Web site: https://link.springer.com/
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 40
Publication Date: 2026
Document Type: Journal Articles
Information Analyses
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Teacher Behavior, Bullying, Responses, Social Bias, Intervention, Victims, Moral Values, Student Attitudes, Emotional Response, Punishment, Discipline, Teacher Influence
DOI: 10.1007/s11218-026-10251-9
ISSN: 1381-2890
1573-1928
Abstract: Most research on teachers' responses to bullying has focused factors leading to intervention. Moreover, research on the outcomes of teachers' responses to bullying situations is still nascent, particularly when differentiating among response types. This systematic review aims to synthesize the available evidence regarding the outcomes of teachers' responses to general and stigma-based bullying. A comprehensive search was conducted across six distinct databases, resulting in 18 studies that met the inclusion criteria for this review. The QualSyst tool was used to assess the methodological quality of each study. Non-intervention is associated with an increase in bullying and victimization, greater moral disengagement, and a negative perception of teachers. Passive responses are linked to greater victimization and student emotional distress. Authoritarian punitive responses show mixed outcomes: they may enhance reporting rates but can also increase victimization, particularly in stigmatizing contexts. Individual and cooperative supportive responses improve students' perceptions of their teachers, promote willingness to seek help, and positively influence students' perceptions of the responses' success. The outcomes of multiple strategies are unclear due to the complexity of the different combinations, though promising results are noted. The results of this systematic review underscore the crucial role of teachers' responses, which significantly impact student involvement in bullying as well as other related outcome factors. Future research should adopt a longitudinal design to analyze short-, medium-, and long-term outcomes of teachers' responses, especially concerning stigma-based bullying.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1514845
Database: ERIC
Description
Abstract:Most research on teachers' responses to bullying has focused factors leading to intervention. Moreover, research on the outcomes of teachers' responses to bullying situations is still nascent, particularly when differentiating among response types. This systematic review aims to synthesize the available evidence regarding the outcomes of teachers' responses to general and stigma-based bullying. A comprehensive search was conducted across six distinct databases, resulting in 18 studies that met the inclusion criteria for this review. The QualSyst tool was used to assess the methodological quality of each study. Non-intervention is associated with an increase in bullying and victimization, greater moral disengagement, and a negative perception of teachers. Passive responses are linked to greater victimization and student emotional distress. Authoritarian punitive responses show mixed outcomes: they may enhance reporting rates but can also increase victimization, particularly in stigmatizing contexts. Individual and cooperative supportive responses improve students' perceptions of their teachers, promote willingness to seek help, and positively influence students' perceptions of the responses' success. The outcomes of multiple strategies are unclear due to the complexity of the different combinations, though promising results are noted. The results of this systematic review underscore the crucial role of teachers' responses, which significantly impact student involvement in bullying as well as other related outcome factors. Future research should adopt a longitudinal design to analyze short-, medium-, and long-term outcomes of teachers' responses, especially concerning stigma-based bullying.
ISSN:1381-2890
1573-1928
DOI:10.1007/s11218-026-10251-9