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Utilidad de los biomarcadores para predecir bacteriemia en los pacientes con infección en urgencias.

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Title: Utilidad de los biomarcadores para predecir bacteriemia en los pacientes con infección en urgencias.
Alternate Title: Uselfulness of biomarkers to predict bacteremia in patients with infection in the emergency department.
Authors: Julián-Jiménez, Agustín1 agustinj@sescam.jccm.es, Javier Candel, Francisco2, González-Del Castillo, Juan3
Source: Revista Española de Quimioterapia. ago2017, Vol. 30 Issue 4, p245-256. 12p.
Abstract (English): Between all patients attended in the Emergency Department (ED), 14.3% have an infectious disease diagnosis. Blood cultures (BC) are obtained in 14.6% of patients and have a profitability of 20%, whereas 1% are considered as contaminated and 1-3% of positive cultures correspond to discharge patients ("hidden bacteraemia"). The highest number of confirmed bacteraemias comes from the samples of patients with urinary tract infections, followed by community-acquired pneumonia. The suspicion and detection of bacteraemia have an important diagnostic and prognostic significance and could modify some important making-decisions (admission, BC request, administration of appropriate and early antimicrobial, etc). Therefore, finding a predictive model of bacteraemia useful and applicable in ED has become the objective of many authors that combine different clinical, epidemiological and analytical variables, including infection and inflammatory response biomarkers (IIRBM), as they significantly increase the predictive power of such models. The aim of this review is to highlight the evidence showed in recent published articles, to clarify existing controversies, and to compare the accuracy of the most important IIRBM to predict bacteremia in patients attended due to infection in the ED. Finally, to generate different recommendations that could help to define the role of IIR-BM in improving the indication to obtaining BC, as well as in immediate decision-making in diagnosis and treatment (early and adequate antibiotic treatment, complementary tests, other microbiological samples, hemodynamic support measures, need for admission, etc.) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Spanish): El 14,3% de los pacientes que se atienden en el servicio de urgencias hospitalario (SUH) son diagnosticados de un proceso infeccioso. En el 14,6% de ellos se obtienen hemocultivos (HC) con una rentabilidad del 20%, mientras que se consideran contaminantes en un 1% y del 1-3% de los HC positivos se corresponden a pacientes dados de alta ("bacteriemia oculta"). El mayor número de bacteriemias confirmadas proceden de las muestras de los pacientes con ITU seguido de las NAC. La sospecha y la detección de bacteriemia tiene un importante significado diagnóstico, pronóstico y obliga a cambiar algunas de las decisiones más importantes (alta-ingreso, extraer HC, administrar el antimicrobiano adecuado y precoz, etc.). Por ello, encontrar un modelo predictivo de bacteriemia útil y aplicable en los SUH se ha convertido en el objetivo de muchos autores que combinan distintas variables clínicas, epidemiológicas y analíticas, entre las que se incluyen los biomarcadores de respuesta inflamatoria e infección (BMRII), ya que aumentan significativamente el poder predictivo de dichos modelos. La intención de esta revisión es poner de manifiesto las evidencias científicas publicadas recientemente, aclarar las controversias existentes y comparar la capacidad y el valor diagnóstico para predecir bacteriemia de los principales BMRII en los pacientes con infección atendidos en los SUH. Y así, a partir de ella, generar distintas recomendaciones que ayuden a definir el papel que pueden tener éstos en la mejora de la indicación de obtención de los HC, así como en la toma inmediata de otras decisiones diagnóstico-terapéuticas (administración precoz y adecuada del tratamiento antibiótico, pruebas complementarias y otras muestras microbiológicas, intensidad del soporte hemodinámico, necesidad de ingreso, etc.). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: MedicLatina
Description
Abstract:Between all patients attended in the Emergency Department (ED), 14.3% have an infectious disease diagnosis. Blood cultures (BC) are obtained in 14.6% of patients and have a profitability of 20%, whereas 1% are considered as contaminated and 1-3% of positive cultures correspond to discharge patients ("hidden bacteraemia"). The highest number of confirmed bacteraemias comes from the samples of patients with urinary tract infections, followed by community-acquired pneumonia. The suspicion and detection of bacteraemia have an important diagnostic and prognostic significance and could modify some important making-decisions (admission, BC request, administration of appropriate and early antimicrobial, etc). Therefore, finding a predictive model of bacteraemia useful and applicable in ED has become the objective of many authors that combine different clinical, epidemiological and analytical variables, including infection and inflammatory response biomarkers (IIRBM), as they significantly increase the predictive power of such models. The aim of this review is to highlight the evidence showed in recent published articles, to clarify existing controversies, and to compare the accuracy of the most important IIRBM to predict bacteremia in patients attended due to infection in the ED. Finally, to generate different recommendations that could help to define the role of IIR-BM in improving the indication to obtaining BC, as well as in immediate decision-making in diagnosis and treatment (early and adequate antibiotic treatment, complementary tests, other microbiological samples, hemodynamic support measures, need for admission, etc.) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:02143429