Physical punishment and lifelong outcomes in low‑ and middle‑income countries: a systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis.

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Bibliographic Details
Title: Physical punishment and lifelong outcomes in low‑ and middle‑income countries: a systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis.
Authors: Cuartas J; Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USA. j.cuartas@nyu.edu.; Centro de Estudios sobre Seguridad y Drogas (CESED), Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia. j.cuartas@nyu.edu.; Harvard Graduate School of Education, Cambridge, MA, USA. j.cuartas@nyu.edu., Gershoff ET; Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.; Population Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA., Bailey DH; School of Education, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA., Gutiérrez MA; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.; Echocardiographic Core Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA., McCoy DC; Harvard Graduate School of Education, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Source: Nature human behaviour [Nat Hum Behav] 2025 Jul; Vol. 9 (7), pp. 1365-1379. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 May 05.
Publication Type: Journal Article; Systematic Review; Meta-Analysis
Journal Info: Publisher: Springer Nature Publishing Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101697750 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2397-3374 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 23973374 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nat Hum Behav Subsets: MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
Description
ISSN:2397-3374
DOI:10.1038/s41562-025-02164-y