Updates on the Proposed Botulinum Toxin A Mechanisms of Action in Orofacial Pain: A Review of Animal Studies.

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Title: Updates on the Proposed Botulinum Toxin A Mechanisms of Action in Orofacial Pain: A Review of Animal Studies.
Authors: Fabillar J Jr; Department of Stomatognathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan.; College of Dentistry, Southwestern University PHINMA, Cebu 6000, Philippines., Yamamoto Y; Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan., Koike K; Department of Stomatognathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan., Ikutame D; Department of Stomatognathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan., Matsuka Y; Department of Stomatognathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan.
Source: Toxins [Toxins (Basel)] 2025 Nov 23; Vol. 17 (12). Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Nov 23.
Publication Type: Journal Article; Review
Journal Info: Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101530765 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2072-6651 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20726651 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Toxins (Basel) Subsets: MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
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ISSN:2072-6651
DOI:10.3390/toxins17120567