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Prevalence and diagnostic signs of convergence insufficiency among schoolchildren in Kaohsiung, Taiwan: a cross-sectional study.

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Title: Prevalence and diagnostic signs of convergence insufficiency among schoolchildren in Kaohsiung, Taiwan: a cross-sectional study.
Authors: Huang SY; Department of Optometry, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung City, 406, Taiwan., Chuang YC; Ph.D. Program of Electrical and Communications Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung City, 407, Taiwan., Yeh SM; Department of Optometry, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung City, 406, Taiwan., Chiang YW; Department of Optometry, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung City, 406, Taiwan., Lee CH; Department of Electrical Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung City, 407, Taiwan., Kuo CT; Department of Optometry, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung City, 452, Taiwan., Liao CH; Department of Health, Kaohsiung City Government, Kaohsiung City, 802, Taiwan.; Department of Law, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung City, 811, Taiwan., Huang MW; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan.; Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung City, 802, Taiwan.; Department of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung City, 406, Taiwan., Pan CY; Department of Health, Kaohsiung City Government, Kaohsiung City, 802, Taiwan.; Graduate Institute of Science Education and Environmental Education, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung City, 824, Taiwan., Huang JJ; Department of Health, Kaohsiung City Government, Kaohsiung City, 802, Taiwan. jjhua@seed.net.tw.; Department of Gerontological and Long-Term Care Business, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung City, 831, Taiwan. jjhua@seed.net.tw.; Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan. jjhua@seed.net.tw.
Source: BMC ophthalmology [BMC Ophthalmol] 2026 Jan 03; Vol. 26 (1), pp. 59. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jan 03.
Publication Type: Journal Article
Journal Info: Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 100967802 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1471-2415 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14712415 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Ophthalmol Subsets: MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
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  Data: Prevalence and diagnostic signs of convergence insufficiency among schoolchildren in Kaohsiung, Taiwan: a cross-sectional study.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Huang+SY%22">Huang SY</searchLink>; Department of Optometry, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung City, 406, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chuang+YC%22">Chuang YC</searchLink>; Ph.D. Program of Electrical and Communications Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung City, 407, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Yeh+SM%22">Yeh SM</searchLink>; Department of Optometry, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung City, 406, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chiang+YW%22">Chiang YW</searchLink>; Department of Optometry, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung City, 406, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lee+CH%22">Lee CH</searchLink>; Department of Electrical Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung City, 407, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kuo+CT%22">Kuo CT</searchLink>; Department of Optometry, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung City, 452, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Liao+CH%22">Liao CH</searchLink>; Department of Health, Kaohsiung City Government, Kaohsiung City, 802, Taiwan.; Department of Law, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung City, 811, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Huang+MW%22">Huang MW</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan.; Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung City, 802, Taiwan.; Department of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung City, 406, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Pan+CY%22">Pan CY</searchLink>; Department of Health, Kaohsiung City Government, Kaohsiung City, 802, Taiwan.; Graduate Institute of Science Education and Environmental Education, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung City, 824, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Huang+JJ%22">Huang JJ</searchLink>; Department of Health, Kaohsiung City Government, Kaohsiung City, 802, Taiwan. jjhua@seed.net.tw.; Department of Gerontological and Long-Term Care Business, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung City, 831, Taiwan. jjhua@seed.net.tw.; Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan. jjhua@seed.net.tw.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22100967802%22">BMC ophthalmology</searchLink> [BMC Ophthalmol] 2026 Jan 03; Vol. 26 (1), pp. 59. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2026 Jan 03.
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  Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22BioMed+Central%22">BioMed Central </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>England <i>NLM ID: </i>100967802 <i>Publication Model: </i>Electronic <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>1471-2415 (Electronic) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2214712415%22">14712415 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>BMC Ophthalmol <i>Subsets: </i>MEDLINE
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        Value: 10.1186/s12886-025-04604-9
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        Text: English
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              Text: 2026 Jan 03
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