Combining sorafenib with spermine and sphingosine synergistically enhances anticancer efficacy by modulating metabolic pathways and gut microbiome in hepatocellular carcinoma.

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Title:	Combining sorafenib with spermine and sphingosine synergistically enhances anticancer efficacy by modulating metabolic pathways and gut microbiome in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Authors:	Jang HR; Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea., Kim HJ; Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea., Kim BY; Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea., Jeong JH; School of Pharmacy, Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea., Kim JK; School of Pharmacy, Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea., Won JA; Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea.; Pharmacomicrobiomics Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea., Yoo HH; Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea.; Pharmacomicrobiomics Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea., Lee YG; Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea.; Pharmacomicrobiomics Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea., Yim H; Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea.; Pharmacomicrobiomics Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea.
Source:	International journal of biological sciences [Int J Biol Sci] 2026 Jan 01; Vol. 22 (3), pp. 1082-1102. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jan 01 (Print Publication: 2026).
Publication Type:	Journal Article
Journal Info:	Publisher: Ivyspring International Country of Publication: Australia NLM ID: 101235568 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1449-2288 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14492288 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Biol Sci Subsets: MEDLINE
Database:	MEDLINE Ultimate

Description
ISSN:	1449-2288
DOI:	10.7150/ijbs.118753