Calcium Carbonate-Stabilized Nano-Caffeine Emulsion Attenuates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy via Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Fibrotic Pathways in Type 2 Diabetic Rats with HPLC-Quantified Cardiac Caffeine Levels.
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| Title: | Calcium Carbonate-Stabilized Nano-Caffeine Emulsion Attenuates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy via Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Fibrotic Pathways in Type 2 Diabetic Rats with HPLC-Quantified Cardiac Caffeine Levels. |
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| Authors: | Mansouri RA; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia.; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 22254, Saudi Arabia., Aboubakr EM; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Qena University, Qena, 83523, Egypt., Alshaibi HF; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 22254, Saudi Arabia.; Embryonic Stem Cell Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 22254, Saudi Arabia., Fouda WM; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat, Egypt., Banjabi AA; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 22254, Saudi Arabia., Al-Bazi MM; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 22254, Saudi Arabia., Mohammed HA; Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia., Ahmed AM; Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Qena University, Qena, 83523, Egypt. |
| Source: | International journal of nanomedicine [Int J Nanomedicine] 2026 Apr 16; Vol. 21, pp. 573949. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Apr 16 (Print Publication: 2026). |
| Publication Type: | Journal Article |
| Journal Info: | Publisher: DOVE Medical Press Country of Publication: New Zealand NLM ID: 101263847 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1178-2013 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 11769114 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Nanomedicine Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Database: | MEDLINE Ultimate |
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| ISSN: | 1178-2013 |
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| DOI: | 10.2147/IJN.S573949 |
